Toe In/Toe Out

Toe is the difference in length by which the wheels of each axle differ from each other, front to rear, in the straight ahead position. The rear wheels are also subject to toe measurement.

Toe is measured at the center of the wheels from one wheel rim to the other. When the distance is greater at the rear of the wheels, it is called toe-in.

Fig 1: Identifying Toe In

Courtesy of BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC.

When the distance is greater at the front of the wheels, it is called toe-out.

Rear wheel drive vehicles generally will have a small amount of toe-in at the front wheels. This will allow the wheels to toe out when rolling to achieve a zero running toe.

Toe is measured in Degrees when using BMW specifications. Front toe is adjustable on all BMW vehicles. Rear toe is only adjustable on some models.

Fig 2: Identifying Toe Out

Courtesy of BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC.