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545i Standard
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Active Front Steering - Overview
Active Front Steering - Overview
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E60 Active front Steering
Active Front Steering
Notes
New System Features
Advantages Of The System
Mechanical System Overview
System I-P-O
System Schematic
Components
DSC Sensor
Active Front Steering Control Unit
Input Signals
Total Steering-Angle Sensor
Steering-Angle Sensor
Motor Position Sensor Of Actuating Unit
Safety And Gateway Module (SGM)
Hydraulic Pump
Hydraulic Schematic with ECO Valve
Power-Steering Cooler
Active Front Steering Actuating Unit
Principle of Operation
Functions Of Active Front Steering
Variable Steering Gear Ratio
Yaw-Rate Control
Power-Steering Support
System Safety
Notes
Switch-On Conditions
Service Information
AFS Initialization/Adjustment
Wheel Alignment
Interference In Radio Reception
Diagnosis, Coding
Servotronic