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Traction Control: Anti-Lock: Bleeding

WARNING: Brake fluid may irritate eyes and skin. In case of contact, take the following actions:
  • Eye Contact - rinse thoroughly with water.
  • Skin Contact - wash with soap and water.
  • Ingestion - consult a physician immediately.
CAUTION: Prior to bleeding the brakes, the front and rear displacement cylinder pistons must be returned to the top-most (home) position. Using a scan tool, select the motor re-home function. You cannot perform the motor re-home function if DTCs are present. If DTCs are present, you must repair the vehicle and clear the DTCs.
  1. Raise and suitably support the front end of the vehicle so that the drive wheels are off the ground.
  2. Start the engine, engage the transaxle, and run the vehicle above 5 km/h (3 mph) for at least 10 seconds.
  3. Observe the ABS indicator. Ensure the indicator goes out after approximately 3 seconds and observe the following:
    • If the ABS indicator remains illuminated, use a scan tool to diagnose the malfunction.
    • If the ABS indicator goes out and stays off, stop the engine and repeat steps  2 and  3 one more time.
    4. NOTE: In the following procedure, use a suitable container and/or shop clothes to catch brake fluid and prevent it from contacting any painted surfaces, wiring, cables, or electrical connectors.
  4. Clean the master cylinder reservoir and the surrounding area.
  5. Remove the master cylinder reservoir cap.
    6. CAUTION: Do not use fluid from an open container that may be contaminated with water or moisture.
  6. Inspect the brake fluid level. Add clean DOT 3 or equivalent hydraulic brake fluid if needed.
  7. Install the master cylinder reservoir cap.
  8. Bleed the hydraulic motor using the following procedure:
    1. Attach a clear plastic bleeder hose to the left-side bleeder valve on the hydraulic modulator. Submerge the other end of the bleeder hose in a clean container partially filled with brake fluid.
    2. Slowly open the left-side bleeder valve 1/2 to 3/4 turn.
    3. Have an assistant press the brake pedal and hold it down until the brake fluid begins to flow.
    4. Close the bleeder valve and release the brake pedal. Repeat the previous steps until no air bubbles are present.
    5. Tighten the bleeder valve to 9 N.m (80 INCH lbs.). Repeat the procedure for the right-side bleeder valve.
    9. NOTE: Once fluid flows from both hydraulic modulator bleeder valves, the hydraulic modulator is sufficiently full of brake fluid. However, it may not be completely purged of air. At this point, move to the wheel cylinders and the calipers and bleed them. This endures that the lowest points in the system are completely free of air. Then the hydraulic modulator can be purged of any remaining air.
  9. Bleed brake system according to one of the hydraulic brake system bleeding procedures. See BLEEDING BRAKE SYSTEM in DISC & DRUM article.
  10. Using the following procedure, bleed the hydraulic motor:
    1. Attach a clear plastic bleeder hose to the left-side bleeder valve on the hydraulic modulator. Submerge the other end of the bleeder hose in a clean container partially filled with brake fluid.
    2. Slowly open the left-side bleeder valve 1/2 to 3/4 turn.
    3. Have an assistant press the brake pedal and hold it down until the brake fluid begins to flow.
    4. Close the bleeder valve and release the brake pedal. Repeat the previous steps until no air bubbles are present.
    5. Tighten the bleeder valve to 9 N.m (80 INCH lbs.). Repeat the procedure for the right-side bleeder valve.
  11. Remove the master cylinder reservoir cap.
  12. Inspect the brake fluid level; add clean DOT 3 or equivalent hydraulic brake fluid if needed.
  13. Install the master cylinder reservoir cap.
  14. Using the following procedure, Inspect the brakes:
    1. With the ignition switch ON, press the brake pedal with moderate force and hold it in position. Note pedal travel and feel.
    2. If the pedal feels firm and constant and pedal travel is not excessive, start the engine. With the engine running, re-check the pedal travel. If it is still firm and pedal travel is not excessive, proceed with step  15 .
    3. If the pedal feels soft or has excessive travel whether initially or after the engine starts, using the scan tool, release then apply the motors 3 times and cycle the solenoids 10 times. Be sure to apply the motors to ensure that the pistons are in the home position. Repeat the bleeding procedure.
  15. Road test the vehicle. Make several normal (non-ABS) stops from a moderate speed to ensure proper brake system function.
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