Power Distribution
DESCRIPTION
This service information covers the various standard and optional power distribution components used on this model. The power distribution system for this vehicle consists of the following components:
- Body Control Module (BCM)
- Power Distribution Center (PDC)
- 12 Volt Power Outlets
- Universal Serial Bus (USB) Charge Only Ports
- Power Inverter Module (PIM)
- 115/220 Volt Power Outlet
- Wireless Charging Pad (WCP)
The power distribution system also incorporates various types of circuit control and protection features, including:
- Automatic resetting circuit breakers
- Blade-type fuses
- Cartridge fuses
- Fusible links
- Standard and Micro-Relays
For specific fuse location and types, refer to the appropriate service information .
The PDC is serviced as part of the engine compartment body harness while the Auxiliary PDC is serviced as part of the headlamp to dash wire harness.
POWER AND CHARGING COMPONENTS
POWER OUTLETS
| 1 - WCP and Module |
| 2 - AC Output |
| 3 - USB Charge Ports |
| 4 - 12 Volt Outlet |
Power and Charge Outlets/Devices:
- Wireless Charge Pad (WCP) and Module
- 115 volt AC Output
- Dual USB charge Ports - 2022 has both power ports as shown in the illustration while 2023+ has removed one of the two USB ports.
- 12 Volt outlet
- Rear 12 volt in right rear pillar - not shown
The 12 volt power outlet located in the rear cargo area has power at all time. The 12 volt outlet located in the center stack is powered with the ignition switch in the RUN/ACC position only.
INVERTER MODULE
The power inverter module, located below the instrument panel, can be installed as an optional on the vehicle to convert direct current to alternating current (DC/AC inverter).
The inverter is a device that uses diodes and transistors to create an alternating current. The US market versions operate at 110 V and the European market versions operate at 220 V. Both inverters are rated at 150 W. The inverter can provide approximately 300 W for up to two seconds to compensate for the power surge that may occur as a device is plugged in. To prevent blowing of the fuse, the inverter will automatically shut down if a device draws more than the rated power. The module transforms the DC 12V voltage in the correct value of output alternating current. The Body Control Module (BCM) activates the inverter module, sending it a positive command, when the power status is ON and when the vehicle is started and no errors can be found on the alternator. The inverter module senses this positive control and switches on the power to the AC outlet. The inverter is located behind the front glove compartment.
OPERATION
POWER AND WIRING
The electrical system is designed to increase the vehicles safety level and prevent the possibility of fires and other consequences of electrical malfunctions. State-of-the-art connectors have been introduced to rule out the possibility of many connection defects.
The power distribution is supplied via control units and/or fuses, connected to the control elements (relay pressure transducers) to ensure the highest level of power protection and the minimum degree of wiring complexity.
The main security solutions are adopted:
- Power supply protection by MAXIFUSE for the interruption of the electrical system, in case of short circuit
- The lay-out of the entire system is optimized for the reduction of risk of damage in case of damage or accident
- The laying of the cables has been optimized by reducing incorrect placements, and noise due to vibration
- All cables are high abrasion resistance
- In the engine compartment cables are of special, high temperature resistance and are protected with sheaths or pipes
- The cables in the passenger compartment are protected by corrugated tubes and tapes with micro-fleece to reduce noise
- The main connections are equipped with anti-slip device terminals (secondary lock) and a safety lock (lock lever) which avoids any deformation of the terminals
All systems and electrical systems are supplied by the battery with the voltage of 12 V. The battery in turn is recharged during operation of the generator.
The main supply lines are protected by a MAXIFUSE contained in the box on the positive battery terminal.
Some circuits employ "J-House" fuses: this is a cartridge type fuse with the characteristics to ensure a lower voltage drop for the protection of circuits that absorb high current.
Other circuits are fed by putting the ignition in different positions.
OUTLETS, PORTS AND INVERTER
12 VOLT POWER OUTLETS
The power outlet base or receptacle shell is connected to ground, and an insulated contact in the bottom of the shell is connected to battery current. The power outlet on the instrument panel marked with a battery receives battery voltage from a fuse in the Power Distribution Center (PDC) at all times unless marked with a key. Key marked outlets only receive power with the key in the on position.
The power outlet located in the center stack receives key-on voltage. The power outlet located on the back rear cargo trim panel receives battery voltage only when the key is in the ON position.
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS (USB) CHARGE PORTS - These are 5 volt charging ports only. Like the standard power outlets on this vehicle, the USB charge only port receives its illumination from a software driver located within the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC). These ports receive fused ignition switch output (RUN/ACC) and fused B(+) from the PDC.
POWER INVERTER
Once an item is plugged into the Alternating Current (AC) power outlet, or if equipped with an enable touch switch and it is actuated, the voltage input request to supply voltage to the power outlet is performed. The Body Control Module (BCM) sends an enable signal and voltage to the Power Inverter Module (PIM). The PIM converts this 12 volt input to a 115 volt AC output for NA vehicles or 220 volt AC for BUX vehicles. The PIM then supplies the AC voltage to the power outlet.
Power remains active until one of the following events occur (normal operation):
- The item has been removed from the power port
- The AC power outlet switch (if equipped) has been cycled to the off position
- The ignition is in the OFF position and load shedding has timed out
A device plugged into the outlet can overload the inverter. High startup current requirement that may be 5 to 10 times the operating current will trigger a fault and the inverter will think it is a short and shut down. Motors and power units with a lot of input capacitance will cause this.
For the Wireless Charging Pad (WCP) module operation. Refer to MODULE, WIRELESS CHARGING PAD, DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION .