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Special Tool(s)

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2002 Ford Escape. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
Fig 1: Identifying Special Tool(s) (1 Of 2)
G03430507Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
Fig 2: Identifying Special Tool(s) (2 Of 2)
G03430508Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
WARNING: Eye protection is required to be worn during use of compressed air. Failure to follow these instructions could result in possible personal injury.
CAUTION: The engine sealing surfaces are soft metals. Do not use abrasive grinding discs to remove gasket material, only use manual scrapers. Do not scratch or gouge sealing surfaces or oil leaks may occur.
  1. Carefully clean and dry the cylinder block.
    • Clean gasket material, dirt and foreign material from the cylinder block.
    • Wash the cylinder block with a suitable soap and water solution.
    • Dry the cylinder block completely using compressed air.
  2. Install the Woodruff key.
    Fig 3: Installing Woodruff Key
    G03430509Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  3. Install the upper crankshaft main bearings, the upper crankshaft thrust main bearing and the lower crankshaft main bearings.
    Fig 4: Installing Upper Crankshaft Main Bearings
    G03430510Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    4. NOTE: Apply a light coat of Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSSM2C153-H to the crankshaft bearings and journals.
    Fig 5: Positioning Crankshaft
    G03430511Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  4. Position the crankshaft.
  5. Determine crankshaft main bearing clearance. For additional information, refer to Select Fit Method in ENGINE SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION .
    6. CAUTION: Make sure the main bearing caps are installed in their original position or engine damage may occur.
    NOTE: Apply a light coat of Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSSM2C153-H to the crankshaft bearings and journals.
    Fig 6: Installing Main Bearing Caps
    G03430512Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  6. Install the main bearing caps.
  7. Tighten the bolts using the sequence shown in two stages.
    • Stage 1: Tighten the bolts to 25 Nm (18 lb-ft).
    • Stage 2: Tighten the bolts an additional 60 degrees.
    Fig 7: Tightening Bolts In Sequence
    G03430513Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  8. Rotate the crankshaft and inspect for excessive drag or binding.
    Fig 8: Inspecting For Excessive Drag Or Binding
    G03430514Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  9. Inspect the crankshaft end play. For additional information, refer to ENGINE SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION .
    10. CAUTION: PIP mark on pistons and squirt groove on connecting rods must be located on the intake side of the engine or possible engine damage may occur.
    CAUTION: Use care when installing piston and connecting rod assemblies. Do not scratch the cylinder walls or the crankshaft journals or engine damage may occur.
    CAUTION: The arrow on the piston must point toward the front of the engine or engine damage may occur.
    NOTE: Lubricate the cylinder block, piston rings and connecting rod prior to installation with Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford Specification WSS-M2C153-H.
    Fig 9: Installing Four Piston & Connecting Rod Assemblies
    G03430515Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  10. Using the special tools, install the four piston and connecting rod assemblies.
    11. CAUTION: Connecting rods and connecting rod caps must be correctly oriented, the interlocking tangs on the same side of the connecting rod or possible engine damage may occur.
    NOTE: Turn the crankshaft each time to install the connecting rod caps.
    Fig 10: Installing Upper & Lower Connecting Rod Bearings
    G03430516Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  11. Fit the connecting rod bearing.
    • Install the four upper and the four lower connecting rod bearings.
    • Inspect the connecting rod bearing to the crankshaft clearance. For additional information, refer to ENGINE SYSTEM-GENERAL INFORMATION .
    12. CAUTION: Connecting rods and connecting rod caps must be correctly oriented, and the interlocking tangs on the same side of the connecting rod or possible engine damage may occur.
    NOTE: Lubricate the connecting rod bearings and the crankshaft journals prior to installation with Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M2C153-H.
    NOTE: Rotate the crankshaft after installing each connecting rod cap and inspect for excess drag or binding.
    Fig 11: Installing Connecting Rod Caps
    G03430517Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  12. Install the connecting rod caps.
    • Install new bolts and tighten in two stages:
    • Stage 1: Tighten to 35 Nm (26 lb-ft).
    • Stage 2: Tighten an additional 90 degrees.
    13. NOTE: The clearance between the lower cylinder block sealing surfaces on the crankshaft rear oil seal retainer and the crankshaft cannot exceed 0.5 mm (0.02 in).
    Fig 12: Installing Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal Retainer
    G03430518Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  13. Install a new gasket, the crankshaft rear oil seal retainer and tighten the bolts in two stages:
    • Stage 1: Tighten to 12 Nm (9 lb-ft).
    • Stage 2: Tighten an additional 45 degrees.
    14. NOTE: The clearance between the lower cylinder block sealing surfaces on the oil pump and the cylinder block cannot exceed 0.8 mm (0.031 in).
    Fig 13: Installing Oil Pump
    G03430519Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  14. Install a new gasket, the oil pump and tighten the bolts in two stages:
    • Stage 1: Tighten to 6 Nm (53 lb-in).
    • Stage 2: Tighten an additional 45 degrees.
    15. NOTE: Lubricate the crankcase flange and the crankshaft front oil seal bore with Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M2C153-H prior to installing the crankshaft front seal or damage to the crankshaft front seal may occur.
    Fig 14: Installing Crankshaft Front Seal
    G03430520Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  15. Using the special tool, install a new crankshaft front seal.
    16. CAUTION: The lower engine block must be installed and the bolts tightened to specification within four minutes of sealant application or possible leakage may occur.
    NOTE: Apply a 3 mm (0.1 inch) bead of Silicone Gasket and Sealant F7AZ-19554-EA or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSE-M4G323-A4 sealer in four places where the oil seal retainers meet the cylinder block.
    Fig 15: Installing Gasket & Lower Cylinder Block
    G03430521Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  16. Install a gasket and the lower cylinder block. Tighten the bolts using the sequence shown.
  17. Install the oil pump cover and screen.
    • Install new oil pump inlet tube gasket.
    Fig 16: Installing Oil Pump Cover & Screen
    G03430522Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    18. NOTE: The oil pan must be installed and the bolts tightened to specification within seven minutes of sealer application or oil leaks may occur.
    NOTE: Apply a 3 mm (0.1 inch) continuous bead of Silicone Gasket and Sealant F7AZ-19554-EA or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSE-M4G323-A4 to the oil pan.
    Fig 17: Oil Pan Bolts Tightening Sequence
    G03430523Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  18. Install the oil pan. Tighten the bolts in two stages using the sequence shown.
    • Stage 1: Tighten to 6 Nm (53 lb-in).
    • Stage 2: Tighten to 12 Nm (9 lb-ft).
  19. Install a new head gasket on the cylinder block.
    20. CAUTION: The bolts are torque-to-yield and new bolts must be installed or engine damage may occur.
    Fig 18: Installing Cylinder Head
    G03430524Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  20. Install the cylinder head and tighten the bolts in three stages using the sequence shown.
    • Stage 1: Tighten the bolts to 20 Nm (15 lb-ft).
    • Stage 2: Tighten the bolts to 40 Nm (30 lb-ft).
    • Stage 3: Tighten the bolts an additional 90 degrees.
  21. Install the timing belt guide and crankshaft sprocket.
    Fig 19: Installing Timing Belt Guide & Crankshaft Sprocket
    G03430525Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  22. Install the oil cooler.
    • Install a new oil cooler gasket.
    Fig 20: Installing Oil Cooler
    G03430526Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  23. Install the knock sensor.
    Fig 21: Installing Knock Sensor
    G03430527Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  24. Install the block heater if equipped.
    Fig 22: Installing Block Heater
    G03430528Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  25. Install the oil pressure sensor.
    Fig 23: Installing Oil Pressure Sensor
    G03430529Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    26. NOTE: Illustration shown with throttle body and fuel supply manifold removed for clarity.
    NOTE: Install new intake manifold gaskets if damaged.
    Fig 24: Installing Intake Manifold
    G03430530Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  26. Install the intake manifold and tighten using the sequence shown.
  27. Install the positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) tube.
    Fig 25: Installing Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) Tube
    G03430531Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  28. Install the thermostat housing.
    • Install a new O-ring seal if damaged.
    Fig 26: Installing Thermostat Housing
    G03430532Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    29. NOTE: The coil is shown removed for clarity.
    Fig 27: Installing Coil & Coil Bracket Assembly
    G03430533Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  29. Install the coil and coil bracket assembly.
  30. Install the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) tube.
    Fig 28: Installing Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Tube
    G03430534Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  31. Connect the EGR tube fitting.
    Fig 29: Connecting EGR Tube Fitting
    G03430535Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  32. Install the fuel charging wiring harness and connect the following electrical connectors:
    1. cylinder temperature sensor
    2. Throttle position sensor
    3. Wiring harness to vehicle
    4. Idle air control valve
    5. Camshaft position sensor
    6. fuel injectors
    Fig 30: Installing Fuel Charging Wiring Harness & Connecting Electrical Connectors
    G03430536Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  33. Install the generator bracket.
    Fig 31: Installing Generator Bracket
    G03430537Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  34. Install the generator.
    Fig 32: Installing Generator
    G03430538Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  35. Install the inner timing belt cover.
    Fig 33: Installing Inner Timing Belt Cover
    G03430539Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  36. Loosely install the crankshaft pulley and rotate the crankshaft to just before top dead center (TDC) (No. 1 cylinder).
    Fig 34: Rotating Crankshaft To Just Before Top Dead Center (TDC) (No. 1 Cylinder)
    G03430540Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  37. Remove the stud.
    Fig 35: Removing Stud
    G03430541Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  38. Install the special tool.
    Fig 36: Installing Special Tool
    G03430542Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    39. NOTE: Make sure the correct (second) notch in the pulley is indexed to the lower cylinder block.
    Fig 37: Removing Crankshaft Pulley
    G03430543Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  39. Rotate the crankshaft clockwise against the peg to bring it to TDC (No. 1 cylinder).
    • Remove the crankshaft pulley.
    40. CAUTION: If valve tappets are being reused, the valve tappet must be installed in its original position or engine damage may occur.
    NOTE: Lubricate the valve tappets prior to installation with Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M2C153-H.
    Fig 38: Installing Valve Tappets
    G03430544Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  40. Install the valve tappets.
    41. NOTE: Lubricate the camshaft bearing surfaces with Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M2C153-H.
    Fig 39: Camshafts Bolt Installation Sequence
    G03430545Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  41. Install the camshafts.
    • Position the camshafts and camshaft journal caps.
    • Install the bolts and tighten the bolts in several two-turn passes using the sequence shown.
    42. NOTE: The front camshaft journal cap must be installed and the bolts tightened to specification within four minutes of sealer application or oil leaks may occur.
    Fig 40: Coating Sealing Surface Of Front Camshaft Journal Cap
    G03430546Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  42. Coat the sealing surface of the front camshaft journal cap with Gasket Maker F8AZ-19B508-AB or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSK-M2G348-A5.
    43. NOTE: The exhaust camshaft oil seal is shown, the intake seal is similar.
    Fig 41: Installing Camshaft Front Oil Seals
    G03430547Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  43. Using the special tool, install new camshaft front oil seals.
  44. Install the camshaft sprockets and hand tighten the bolts.
    • Rotate the camshafts one full turn and inspect them for binding.
    Fig 42: Installing Camshaft Sprockets
    G03430548Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  45. Verify the valve clearance. For additional information, refer to VALVE - VALVE CLEARANCE, ADJUST .
    46. CAUTION: The camshaft alignment tool is not recommended to hold the camshafts in place when removing or tightening the sprocket bolts. Damage to camshaft may result.
    NOTE: Installation of the alignment tool into the exhaust camshaft may require the camshaft to be rotated slightly.
    Fig 43: Installing Special Tool Onto Back Of Camshafts
    G03430549Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  46. Install the special tool onto the back of the camshafts.
  47. Loosen the timing sprocket bolts and allow the camshaft sprockets to move freely.
    Fig 44: Loosening Timing Sprocket Bolts
    G03430550Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  48. Install the timing belt idler pulley.
    Fig 45: Installing Timing Belt Idler Pulley
    G03430551Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  49. Install the coolant pump adapter.
    • Install a new gasket.
    Fig 46: Installing Coolant Pump Adapter
    G03430552Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    50. NOTE: Make sure the correct (second) notch in the pulley is indexed to the lower cylinder block.
    Fig 47: Removing Crankshaft Pulley
    G03430553Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  50. Slide the crankshaft pulley onto the crankshaft and confirm the crankshaft position is at TDC (No. 1 cylinder) by rotating it clockwise against the alignment peg.
    • Remove the crankshaft pulley.
    51. CAUTION: Do not rotate the crankshaft; as necessary check that it is still resting against the timing pin.
    NOTE: The lug of the belt tensioner should not be hooked in the sheet metal cover during timing belt installation.
    Fig 48: Positioning Timing Belt In Place
    G03430554Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  51. Position a new timing belt in place.
    • Starting from the crankshaft timing belt pulley and working counterclockwise, position the timing belt in place while keeping it under tension.
    52. NOTE: Incorrect timing belt tension will cause incorrect valve timing.
    Fig 49: Rotating Tensioner Locating Tab Counterclockwise
    G03430555Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  52. Pre-tension the timing belt.
    1. Rotate the tensioner locating tab counterclockwise and insert the locating tab into the slot in the rear timing cover.
    2. Position the hex key slot in the tensioner adjusting washer to the 4 o'clock position.
    3. Tighten the attaching bolt enough to seat the tensioner firmly against the rear timing cover, but still allow the tensioner adjusting washer to be rotated using a 6 mm hex key.
    53. CAUTION: Tension the timing belt, working counterclockwise.
    Fig 50: Rotating Adjusting Washer Counterclockwise
    G03430556Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  53. Using the hex key, rotate the adjusting washer counterclockwise until the notch in the pointer is centered over the index line on the locating tab (the pointer will move clockwise during adjustment).
  54. While holding the adjusting washer in position, tighten the bolt.
    Fig 51: Tightening Bolt
    G03430557Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    55. CAUTION: The camshaft must be held stationary at the hexagons with locking pliers. Do not use the alignment tool to hold the camshaft in position or damage to the camshaft may occur.
    Fig 52: Tightening Bolt On Intake Camshaft Sprocket
    G03430558Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  55. Tighten the bolt on the intake camshaft sprocket.
    56. CAUTION: The camshaft must be held stationary at the hexagons with locking pliers. Do not use the alignment tool to hold the camshaft in position or damage to the camshaft may occur.
    Fig 53: Tightening Bolt On Exhaust Camshaft Sprocket
    G03430559Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  56. Tighten the bolt on the exhaust camshaft sprocket in three stages.
    • Stage 1: Tighten the bolt to 50 Nm (36 lb-ft).
    • Stage 2: Remove the TDC peg and the camshaft alignment timing tool.
    • Stage 3: Tighten the bolt to 115-125 Nm (85-92 lb-ft).
    57. NOTE: Install a new oil plug seal.
    Fig 54: Installing Oil Plug Seal
    G03430560Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  57. Screw in the new oil plug on the variable camshaft timing assembly.
    58. NOTE: Turn the engine two turns in the normal direction of rotation by the crankshaft.
  58. Check the valve timing by inserting the special tools and correct the alignment as necessary.
    • Screw in special tool 303-574 and make sure that the crankshaft is resting against the special tool.
    • Insert special tool 303-465 into the camshafts. If necessary loosen the timing pulleys and correct the camshaft alignment.
    • Remove the special tools.
  59. Install the bolts and the valve cover.
    • Install the valve cover gasket.
    Fig 55: Installing Valve Cover Gasket
    G03430561Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  60. Position and connect the wiring harness.
    Fig 56: Positioning & Connect Wiring Harness
    G03430562Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  61. Connect the ignition wires to the correct spark plugs.
    Fig 57: Connecting Ignition Wires To Correct Spark Plugs
    G03430563Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  62. Install the timing belt upper cover.
    Fig 58: Installing Timing Belt Upper Cover
    G03430564Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  63. Position the wire harness.
    Fig 59: Positioning Wire Harness
    G03430565Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  64. Install the lower engine mount bracket.
    Fig 60: Installing Lower Engine Mount Bracket
    G03430566Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  65. Install the coolant pump pulley.
    Fig 61: Installing Coolant Pump Pulley
    G03430567Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  66. Install the lower timing belt cover.
    Fig 62: Installing Lower Timing Belt Cover
    G03430568Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  67. Install the accessory drive belt idler pulley.
    Fig 63: Installing Accessory Drive Belt Idler Pulley
    G03430569Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    68. NOTE: Apply Silicone Gasket and Sealant F7AZ-19554-EA or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSE-M4G323- A4 to the crankshaft pulley keyway prior to installing the crankshaft pulley.
    Fig 64: Installing Crankshaft Pulley
    G03430570Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  68. Install the crankshaft pulley.
  69. Install the coolant tube.
    • Install the bolt.
    • Connect the hose.
    Fig 65: Installing Coolant Tube
    G03430571Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  70. Install the crankcase vent oil separator.
    1. Install the bolts.
      • Install a new gasket.
    2. Connect the PCV valve.
    Fig 66: Connecting PCV Valve
    G03430572Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  71. Install the crankshaft position sensor and bushing.
    Fig 67: Installing Crankshaft Position Sensor & Bushing
    G03430573Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  72. Install the stud.
    Fig 68: Installing Stud
    G03430574Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  73. Install the coolant tube.
    • Install the bolt and nut.
    • Connect the hose.
    Fig 69: Installing Coolant Tube
    G03430575Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  74. Install the A/C compressor bracket.
    Fig 70: Installing A/C Compressor Bracket
    G03430576Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  75. Install the power steering pump bracket.
    Fig 71: Installing Power Steering Pump Bracket
    G03430577Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  76. Install the exhaust manifold and tighten using the sequence shown.
    • Install a new gasket.
    Fig 72: Installing Exhaust Manifold
    G03430578Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  77. Install the oil level indicator and tube.
    • Install a new O-ring seal if damaged.
    Fig 73: Installing Oil Level Indicator & Tube
    G03430579Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  78. Support the engine with a suitable lifting device and remove the engine from the engine stand.
    Fig 74: Removing Engine From Engine Stand
    G03430580Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  79. Install the rear cover plate and dowels.
    Fig 75: Installing Rear Cover Plate & Dowels
    G03430581Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
    80. NOTE: Lubricate the crankcase flange and the crankshaft rear oil seal bore with Super Premium SAE 5W-20 Motor Oil or equivalent meeting Ford specification WSS-M2C153-H prior to installing the crankshaft rear seal or damage to the crankshaft rear seal may occur.
    Fig 76: Installing Crankshaft Rear Seal
    G03430582Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  80. Using the special tools, install a new crankshaft rear seal.
    81. NOTE: Install a new pilot bearing on vehicles equipped with a manual transaxle only if it is damaged.
    Fig 77: Installing Pilot Bearing
    G03430583Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  81. Using the special tools, install the pilot bearing.
  82. Install the flywheel.
    Fig 78: Installing Flywheel
    G03430584Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  83. Install flywheel holding tool.
    Fig 79: Installing Flywheel Holding Tool
    G03430585Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  84. Using the special tool, position the clutch disc onto the flywheel.
    Fig 80: Positioning Clutch Disc Onto Flywheel
    G03430586Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
  85. Position the clutch pressure plate onto the flywheel, install the pressure plate bolts and tighten them using the sequence shown.
    Fig 81: Installing Pressure Plate Bolts
    G03430587Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
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