Transaxle Description: Notes
The automatic transmission used in the vehicle is a new development.
It is a fully automatic, electronically controlled 5-speed transmission designed for Front Wheel Drive (FWD) vehicles.
Its abbreviated designation FNR5 means:
- FN - front-wheel drive
- R - Model designation
- 5 - 5-speed transmission
The individual ratios are achieved through 2 planetary gear sets, connected one behind the other.
The individual components of the planetary gear sets are driven or held by means of 3 multi-plate clutches, a multi-plate brake, a brake band and a roller one-way clutch.
The torque is transmitted to the final drive assembly through an intermediate gear stage.
FNR5 Automatic Transmission Fluid is the transmission fluid specified for the FNR5 transaxle. The transmission fluid is changed as directed by the Scheduled Maintenance Guide that is supplied with the vehicle.
The selector lever gives the driver a choice of P, R, N, D and L.
The default gear for this transaxle is 3rd gear.
To minimize fuel consumption, the torque converter lock up clutch is closed by the Transmission Control Module (TCM) in 3rd, 4th and 5th gears depending on the throttle position and vehicle speed.
The transmission has electronic synchronous shift control, which guarantees extremely smooth gear shifting over the entire life of the transmission.
A hydraulic emergency operating program maintains limited operation in the event of failure of important electrical components.
The transmission can be tested using a scan tool through the Data Link Connector (DLC) in the passenger compartment.
| Gear Ratio (Typical shown, ratios are model dependent) | |
|---|---|
| 1st | 3.61:1 |
| 2nd | 1.92:1 |
| 3rd | 1.28:1 |
| 4th | 0.93:1 |
| 5th | 0.69:1 |
| Reverse | 3.40:1 |
Identification Tags - When servicing the automatic transaxle, refer to the identification tag located on the case.
| Item | Part Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | Tag code |
| 2 | - | Bar code |
| 3 | - | Destination |
| 4 | - | Date of issue |
| 5 | - | Serial/model number |
Range Selection - The transaxle range selector has 5 positions: P, R, N, D and L.
Selector Lever Position P - In selector lever position P, no gear is selected. The parking pawl is engaged manually by the selector lever cable and the manual control lever.
For safety reasons, always apply the parking brake whenever the vehicle is parked.
Selector Lever Position R - In selector lever position R, reverse gear is selected. REVERSE allows the vehicle to be operated in a rearward direction, at a reduced gear ratio.
Selector Lever Position N - In selector lever position N, no gear is selected. The driveline is not locked, so the wheels are free to rotate.
The vehicle may be started in NEUTRAL.
Selector Lever Position D - In selector lever position D, the transmission control allows all the gears to be selected.
Selector Lever Position L - In selector lever position L, the transaxle provides more engine breaking when the accelerator pedal is released than in D.
If the selector lever is moved to position L at an excessive vehicle speed for 1st gear, the transmission control only allows the downshift to take place when the corresponding vehicle speed has been reached.
| Item | Part Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7902 | Converter assembly |
| 2 | 7A248 | Seal - fluid pump |
| 3 | 1177 | Seal assembly - differential |
| 4 | 7A194 | Pan - transmission fluid |
| 5 | - | Main control valve body |
| 6 | 7G004 | Cover - solenoid body |
| 7 | - | Solenoid body |
| 8 | 7F293 | Transmission Range (TR) sensor |
| 9 | 7M101 | Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor |
| 10 | 7H103 | Intermediate shaft speed sensor |
| 11 | 7H103 | Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor |
| Item | Part Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | Converter housing and impeller |
| 2 | - | Turbine |
| 3 | - | Stator |
| 4 | - | Torque converter lock up clutch |
| 5 | - | Transmission input shaft |
The torque converter transmits engine torque hydraulically to the transmission input shaft.
The stator boosts the torque to the input shaft (approximately 85% difference in speed between the impeller and the turbine).
The stator is made of synthetic resin to reduce weight.
To increase the efficiency of the automatic transmission, the torque converter has an apply clutch. When the Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) is applied, the torque is transmitted directly from the crankshaft through the torque converter housing to the transmission input shaft.
The TCC is applied hydraulically by the TCM by means of the solenoid valves in the valve body in 3rd, 4th and 5th gears. Apply is dependent on the throttle position, vehicle speed and manual selector lever position.
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Shift Solenoid A (SEA) Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) |
| 2 | Shift Solenoid B (SSB) PWM |
| 3 | Shift Solenoid C (SSC) PWM |
| 4 | Shift Solenoid D (SSD) (On/Off) |
| 5 | Shift Solenoid E (SSE) (On/Off) |
| 6 | Shift Solenoid F (SSF) (On/Off) |
| 7 | Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA) |
| 8 | Pressure Control Solenoid B (PCB) |
The valve body contains 8 solenoid valves:
- three PWM solenoid valves.
- three shift solenoid (on/off) valves.
- two main regulating valve pressure control solenoids.
The individual clutches and bands are supplied pressure from the PWM solenoid valves and the shift solenoid (on/off) valves and thus the gears are shifted.
The PWM solenoid valves allow direct actuation of the clutches and bands to make sure of extremely smooth shifting through precise pressure regulation.
The shift solenoid (on/off) valves switch the hydraulic path to the clutches and bands, reducing the number of required modulating valves.
The main regulating valve (Variable Force Solenoid (VFS)) makes sure that sufficient hydraulic pressure is available in all operating conditions.
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Solenoid Valves - PWM solenoid valves control the pressure to the bands and clutches.
Shift Solenoid (On/Off) Valves - The shift solenoid (on/off) valves switch the different transmission fluid passages in the valve body to direct the pressure to the individual clutches and bands.
The shift solenoid valves are needed for direct actuation of the individual clutches and bands.
Main Regulating Valves - The main regulating valve (pressure control solenoids) control the required main line pressure for the individual transmission ranges.
The main line pressure is controlled dependent on the current engine load.
Shift Solenoids, Shift Solenoid A (SEA), Shift Solenoid B (SSB) and Shift Solenoid C (SSC) Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) - The PWM type shift solenoids adjust the amount of output pressure according to the signal from the TCM and controls the pressure of each clutch.
With no electrical current supplied to the solenoids, the supply port (line pressure) in the solenoid opens and is engaged with the output port (clutch pressure). As a result, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic passage for the clutch pressure.
With electrical current supplied to the solenoids, the supply port (line pressure) in the solenoid closes and the output port (clutch pressure) and the drain port are engaged to drain the clutch pressure.
Shift Solenoids, Shift Solenoid D (SSD), Shift Solenoid E (SSE) and Shift Solenoid F (SSF) On/Off Solenoids - OFF: With no electrical current supplied to the solenoids, the output port and the drain port are engaged in the solenoid and the output pressure is drained.
ON: With electrical current supplied to the solenoids, the output port and the supply port are engaged in the solenoid and the output pressures become equivalent to the solenoid reducing pressure.
Pressure Control Solenoid A (PCA) - The PCA has a high stability in hydraulic pressure that has been adopted for the line pressure control.
Because the pressure control solenoid controls the hydraulic pressure according to the electrical current value, the degree of freedom in control increases. The controllability is maintained even under aeration and pressure variation can be reduced.
By changing the electrical current value (0-1 amp) inside the solenoid, the PCA adjusts the hold power of the hold pressure valve, controlling the pressure to the prescribed hydraulic pressure.
Pressure Control Solenoid B (PCB) - The on/off type shift solenoid adjusts the amount of output pressure according to the signal from the TCM and controls the pressure of each clutch.
One-Way Clutch (OWC) No. 1 - The One-Way Clutch (OWC) outer race rotates clockwise freely, but the sprags rise to lock the rotation when the outer race tries to rotate counterclockwise. The OWC locks the counterclockwise rotation of the front internal gear and also locks the counterclockwise revolution of the rear planetary via the rear planetary carrier.
One-Way Clutch (OWC) No. 2 - The OWC outer race rotates counterclockwise freely, however the roller moves to the right and locks the rotation when it tries to rotate clockwise. The OWC locks the clockwise rotation of the direct clutch and also locks the clockwise rotation of the secondary sun gear via the direct clutch.
| Item | Part Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | Selector lever assembly |
| 2 | - | Selector lever |
| 3 | - | Selector lever cable |
| 4 | - | Lead-through |
| 5 | - | Selector lever cable end |
The transmission end of the selector lever cable is attached to a ball on the manual control lever.
The cable abutments are secured to the transmission housing, and then to the bracket of the manual control lever.
The adjuster for the selector lever cable is located at the transmission side of the cable.
At the selector lever end, the cable is clipped onto a ball.
| Item | Part Number | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | - | Transmission Control Module (TCM) |
| 2 | - | Data Link Connector (DLC) |
| 3 | 7H103 | Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor |
| 4 | 7H103 | Intermediate shaft speed sensor |
| 5 | 7M101 | Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor |
| 6 | 7F293 | Transmission Range (TR) sensor |
| 7 | - | Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) sensor |
| 8 | - | Transmission fluid pressure switch |
| 9 | 12A650 | PCM |
| 10 | 13480 | Brake Pedal Position (BPP) switch |
| 11 | - | Ignition key lock solenoid |
| 12 | - | A/C relay |
| 13 | 6C315 | Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor |
| 14 | 12B579 | Mass Air Flow (MAF) and Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensors |
| 15 | 9B989 | Throttle Position (TP) sensor |
| 16 | - | Solenoid valves in the valve body |
| 17 | - | Powertrain warning indicator in Instrument Cluster (IC) |
The TCM is located under the instrument panel on the LH side.
On vehicles with automatic transaxles, the TCM controls the transaxle. In this case, a module with 16- and 24-pin connectors is used.
The TCM evaluates the incoming signals from the individual sensors and actuates the solenoid valves in the valve body of the transaxle directly according to the operating state.
Diagnostic checks can be carried out on the transmission through the DLC above the Central Junction Box (CJB).
Emergency Operating Program - If correct shifting can no longer be guaranteed due to failure of certain signals, the TCM changes to an emergency operating program.
The driver is informed of the operation of the emergency operating program by the illumination of the powertrain warning indicator in the Instrument Cluster (IC).
Continued motoring is guaranteed in the following limited conditions:
- Maximum main line pressure
- 3rd gear in selector lever positions D, 2 and 1 without the TCC
- REVERSE gear in selector lever position R