Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
    • Common Specifications & Procedures
  • DTC Index
    • Control Systems DTCS
      • Except Hybrid
        • Communications Network
        • B, C And U Codes
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Hybrid
        • Communications Network
        • B, C, P And U Codes
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • Climate Control System DTCS
      • Except Hybrid
        • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC)
      • Hybrid
        • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm)
        • Air Conditioning Compressor Module (ACCM)
        • HVAC Module
    • Convention And Hybrid Brake System DTCS
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs)
        • Except Hybrid
        • Hybrid
    • Engine Control DTCS
      • Hybrid
        • Speed Control
          • Pcm
        • Engine Cooling
          • Pcm
        • Battery Control Module (BCM)
        • Pcm
    • Engine Performance DTCS
      • 2.5L And 3.0L
        • B, C And U Codes
        • Pcm
        • Engine Cooling
          • Pcm
      • Starting System
      • Speed Control
        • Pcm
    • Entertainment System DTCS
      • Audio Control Module (ACM)
      • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
      • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM)
      • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS)
    • Instrumentation/Driver Information DTCS
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
        • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm)
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Information And Message Center
        • Instrument Cluster
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Electronic Compass
        • Instrument Cluster
    • Lighting Systems DTCS
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
    • Navigation System DTCS
      • Audio Control Module (ACM)
    • Power Steering System DTCS
      • Power Steering Control Module
    • Restraints DTCS
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - Restraints Control Module (RCM)
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - Occupant Classification System Module (OCSM)
    • Security/Locks DTCS
      • Except Hybrid
        • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
          • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
      • Hybrid
        • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
          • Transmission Control Module (TCM)
    • Steering Column Switches DTCS
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • Suspension System DTCS
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
    • Transmission/Transaxle DTCS
    • Windows System & Seats System DTCS
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • HVAC Module DTC
      • Seats - HVAC Module
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Safety Recalls
    • Tech Tips
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views (Except Hybrid)
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Field Coil Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102B)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C107)
        • Knock Sensor 2 Connector End View (C108)
        • Knock Sensor 1 Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C123)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow Sensor / Intake Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Pressure Transducer Connector End View (C130)
        • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C132)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C150)
        • Left Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C151)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C152)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C160)
        • Right Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C161)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168A)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168B)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (1 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (2 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (3 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (3 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module Connector End View (C175T)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Heated Positive Crankcase Ventilation Valve Connector End View (C190)
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197A)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197B)
        • Multifunction Switch Connector End View (C202)
        • Main Light Switch Connector End View (C205)
        • Inline (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (1 Of 2)
        • Inline (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (2 Of 2)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C214)
        • Inline Connector End View (C215)
        • Clockspring Connector End View (C218)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220)
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C233)
        • Inline Connector End View (C237)
        • Inline Connector End View (C238)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240A)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240B)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240C)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240D)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (C251)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Connector End View (C252)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256A)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Inline Connector End View (C264)
        • Message Center Switch Connector End View (C269)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Traction Control Switch Connector End View (C280)
        • Autolamp Sensor / Sunload Sensor Connector End View (C286)
        • Autolamp Sensor Connector End View (C287)
        • Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C289)
        • Blower Motor Resistor Connector End View (C293)
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C296)
        • Blower Motor Speed Control Connector End View (C297)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C303)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Driver Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C323)
        • Inline Connector End View (C327)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C337)
        • Inline Connector End View (C339)
        • Inline Connector End View (C340)
        • Left Seat Control Switch Connector End View (C352)
        • Left Power Seat Motor Assembly Connector End View (C353)
        • Driver Seat Position Sensor Connector End View (C356)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C367)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Console Power Point Connector End View (C380)
        • Passenger Seat Belt Tensioner Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402A)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C422)
        • Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C440)
        • Fuel Pump Control Module Connector End View (C446)
        • Left Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C451)
        • Left License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C452)
        • Liftgate Release Switch Connector End View (C456)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Right Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C461)
        • Right License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Inline Connector End View (C495)
        • Keypad Switch Assembly Connector End View (C500)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504A)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504B)
        • Driver Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C505)
        • Driver Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C520)
        • Left Front Speaker Connector End View (C523)
        • Driver Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C524)
        • Driver Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C527)
        • Passenger Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C601)
        • Passenger Side Window Control Switch Connector End View (C604)
        • Passenger Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C605)
        • Passenger Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C608)
        • Passenger Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C609)
        • Right Front Speaker Connector End View (C612)
        • Left Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C701)
        • Left Rear Speaker Connector End View (C702)
        • Left Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C703)
        • Left Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C704)
        • Right Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C801)
        • Right Rear Speaker Connector End View (C802)
        • Right Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C803)
        • Right Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C804)
        • Right Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C906)
        • Left Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C907)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Inline Connector End View (C913)
        • Inline Connector End View (C914)
        • Front Interior Lamp Connector End View (C918)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Inline Connector End View (C922)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926A)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926B)
        • Front Interior Lamp/ Map Lamp Assembly Connector End View (C931)
        • Left Headlamp Connector End View (C1021)
        • Left Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035A)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035B)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035C)
        • Right Headlamp Connector End View (C1041)
        • Right Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1043)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1087)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100A)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100B)
        • Left Horn Connector End View (C1101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104B)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1140)
        • EGR Stepper Motor Connector End View (C1160)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1322)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1323)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 1 Connector End View (C1366)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 2 Connector End View (C1367)
        • Electronic Throttle Control Motor Connector End View (C1368)
        • Two-Way Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1397)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C1447)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 1 Connector End View (C1451)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 2 Connector End View (C1452)
        • Left Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1464)
        • Right Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1465)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid Connector End View (C1542)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C1571)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 21 Connector End View (C1572)
        • Left Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1607)
        • Right Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1608)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View (C2004)
        • Park Brake Switch Connector End View (C2015)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Active Park Assist Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Connector End View (C2040)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041A)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041B)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Driver Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2091)
        • Passenger Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2092)
        • Floor Shifter Connector End View (C2096)
        • Front Display Interface Module Connector End View (C2123)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231A)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231B)
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2261)
        • Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2278)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280A)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280B)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280C)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280D)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280E)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280F)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280G)
        • Passenger Air Bag Deactivation Indicator Connector End View (C2286)
        • Global Positioning System Module Connector End View (C2300)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356A)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356B)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357A)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357B)
        • Audio Input Jack Connector End View (C2401)
        • Front Controls Interface Module Connector End View (C2402)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3007)
        • Seat Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C3042)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3065)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3066)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3134)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154A)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154B)
        • Four Wheel Drive Control Module Connector End View (C3184)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3201)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3202)
        • Driver 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3209)
        • Driver 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3210)
        • Passenger 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3211)
        • Passenger 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3212)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3252)
        • Driver Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3253)
        • Passenger Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3254)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3255)
        • Driver Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3283)
        • Passenger Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3284)
        • Occupant Classification System Module Connector End View (C3285)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (1 Of 2)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (2 Of 2)
        • Ambient Lighting Switch Connector End View (C3350)
        • Ambient Lighting Module Connector End View (C3351)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C3355)
        • Outer Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4009)
        • Inner Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4010)
        • Outer Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4011)
        • Inner Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Right Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4032)
        • Left Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4035)
        • Liftgate Glass Release Switch Connector End View (C4039)
        • Rear View Camera Connector End View (C4234)
        • Active Torque Control Coupling Solenoid Connector End View (C4347)
        • Left Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9006)
        • Right Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9007)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9012)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9030)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9039)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Body Control Modules
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Electronic Power Steering
      • Engine Performance
        • 2.5L
        • 3.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Navigation
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Security System And Locks System
      • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Hood Latch
        • Front Door
        • Rear Door
        • Liftgate
        • Liftgate Glass
        • Power Lock/Unlock
        • Autolock
        • Auto-Unlock
        • Smart Unlock
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Lock/Unlock Control - Unlock
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Lock/Unlock Control - Lock
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Liftgate Glass Release
        • Panic Alarm
        • Perimeter Lighting Feature
      • Hood Latch And Components - Exploded View
      • Hood Latch Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Hood Latch Release Handle Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Handles, Locks And Latches - Exploded View
      • Interior Door Handle - Front Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Front Door Handle Removal/Installation
      • Door Handle Reinforcement - Exterior, Front Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Latch Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Handles, Locks And Latches - Exploded View
      • Interior Door Handle - Rear Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Latch Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Rear Door Handle Removal/Installation
      • Door Handle Reinforcement - Exterior, Rear Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Handle, Lock And Latch - Exploded View
      • Liftgate Latch Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Glass Latch Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Release Switch Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Release Switch - Liftgate Glass Removal/Installation
      • Ignition Lock Cylinder Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Door Lock Cylinder Removal/Installation
      • Door Lock Control Switch Removal/Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Security/Locks - 2.5L Except Hybrid And 3.0L]
      • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation↓
          • Notes
          • Power Locks
          • Liftgate and Liftgate Glass Release
          • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems DTC Chart
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Instrument Cluster (IC) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Door Locks/Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
        • Electrical Symptom Chart
        • Mechanical Symptom Chart
      • Connector End Views - Power Door Locks
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single/More Than One Door Lock Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From One Switch
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Liftgate Window Latch Release Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Liftgate Latch Release Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Transmitter Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: An Individual Button/Feature Is Inoperative From The Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Transmitter
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter (RKE) Has Poor Range Performance
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: DTC B2A25 - Trim Panel Lock Switch Circuit Failure
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The AUTOLOCK Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Auto-Unlock Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: The Smart Unlock Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: DTC B1137 - Data Not Programmed
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Keypad
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: Hard To Open/Close Door From Either Door Handle
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: A Door Is Difficult/Does Not Open From The Exterior Door Handle
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: A Door Is Difficult/Does Not Open From The Interior Door Handle
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 20: Exterior Door Release Handle Sticks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 21: Interior Door Release Handle Sticks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 22: Squeak/Rattle/Chucking Noise From Door
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 23: Manual Door Lock Cylinder Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 24: Unable To Remove The Key From The Ignition Lock Cylinder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Door Lock Control Switch
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Anti-Theft Indicator
          • Encoded PATS Keys
          • PATS Transceiver
          • PATS Operation
          • PATS Parameter Identification (PIDs)
          • Unlimited Key Mode
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) DTC Chart
        • Instrument Cluster (IC) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Connector End Views - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: DTC B2103 - Antenna Not Connected
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC B1600 - Pats Ignition Key Transponder Signal Is Not Received
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC B1601 - Pats Received Incorrect Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: DTC B1602 - Pats Received Invalid Format Of Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC B1681 - Pats Transceiver Module Signal Is Not Received
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Anti-Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: DTC U0100 - Lost Communication With ECM/Pcm, DTC U2511 - Can - Data Mis-Match (Receive Data Does Not Match Expected)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Vehicle Does Not Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Universal Transmitter
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Universal Transmitter programming
        • Universal Transmitter Programming (Rolling Code)
        • Erasing the Lear Car2U® System Buttons (Rolling Code)
        • Universal Transmitter Programming (Fixed Code)
          • Notes
          • Erasing the Lear Car2U® System Buttons (Fixed Code)
      • SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - Universal Transmitter
      • PINPOINT TEST 9: The Universal Transmitter is inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Communication Devices
    • Control System (Body Control Module)
      • Communications Network
        • Notes
        • Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) Operation
        • High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) Operation
        • Network Termination
        • Gateway Module
      • Communications Network - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Network Topology
        • Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) Operation
        • High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) Operation
        • Network Termination
        • Gateway Module
      • Module Controlled Functions
        • Notes
        • Post Crash Alert
      • Customer Preference Items
        • Module Configuration and Parameter Chart
      • Customer Preference Items - Hybrid
        • Module Configuration and Parameter Chart - Hybrid
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Programmable Module Installation (PMI)
        • Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is Available
        • Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is NOT Available
      • Module Configuration
        • Principles of Operation
        • Definition of Terms
        • Programmable Module Installation (PMI)
        • Module Preprogramming
        • Programmable Parameters
        • Adaptive Learning and Calibration
        • Transmission Identification Block
        • Vehicle Identification (VID) Block
        • Module Address
        • As-Built Data
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
        • Notes
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) Function
        • Unlimited Key Mode
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Transceiver Removal/Installation
      • Anti-Theft Security Access
      • Key Programming Switch State Control
      • Spare Key Programming - Using Diagnostic Equipment
      • Integrated KEYHEAD Transmitter (IKT) Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment
      • Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys
      • Spare Key Programming - Unlimited Key Mode
        • Enabling Unlimited Key Mode
        • Disabling Unlimited Key Mode
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Parameter Reset
      • Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Programming
      • AUTOLOCK And Auto-Unlock Programming
        • Autolock Programming Using The Power Door Unlock/Lock Procedure
        • Autolock Programming Using the Keyless Entry Keypad Procedure (If Equipped)
        • Autolock Programming Using the Message Center Procedure (If Equipped)
        • Auto-Unlock Programming Using the Power Door Unlock/Lock Procedure
        • Auto-Unlock Programming Using the Keyless Entry Keypad Procedure (If Equipped)
        • Auto-Unlock Programming Using the Message Center Procedure (If Equipped)
      • Stepped Unlock Programming
      • Perimeter Lighting Feature Programming
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Communications System) - Except Hybrid
      • Communications Network
        • Description and Operation
        • Network Topology
        • Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN) Operation
        • High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) Operation
        • Network Termination
        • Gateway Module
      • Communications Network - Troubleshooting
        • Principles of Operation
        • High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN) Modules
        • Medium Speed Controller Area Network (MS-CAN)
        • Controller Area Network (CAN) Fault Tolerance
        • Normal CAN Operation
        • CAN Circuits Shorted Together
        • CAN (+) Circuit Shorted To Ground
        • CAN (-) Circuit Shorted To Ground
        • CAN (+) Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
        • CAN (-) Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
        • CAN Circuit Signal Corruption
      • Controller Area Network (CAN) Multiplex Messages
        • Notes
        • CAN Module Communication Message Chart
      • Communications Network - Inspection And Verification
      • DTC Chart - Communications Network
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Control Systems DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
      • Connector End Views - Control Systems
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Pcm Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Abs Module Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The 4X4 Control Module Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Instrument Cluster (Ic) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Restraints Control Module (RCM) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Occupant Classification Sensor Module (OCSM) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Power Steering Control Module (PSCM) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Smart Junction Box (SJB) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Audio Control Module (ACM) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: The Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: No Medium Speed Controller Area Network (Ms-Can) Communication, All Modules Are Not Responding
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: No Power To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: The HVAC Module Does Not Respond To The Scan Tool
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: No High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-Can) Communication, All Modules Are Not Responding
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: Intermittent No Medium Speed Controller Area Network (Ms-Can) Communication, Communication Can Be Intermittently Established
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: Intermittent No High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-Can) Communication, Communication Can Be Intermittently Established
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart - B, C And U Codes
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • DTC Charts - Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • PINPOINT TEST 1: DTCs B106E/B106F - SOLID STATE DRIVER DISABLED/MODULE DISABLED
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC B1317 - Battery Voltage High
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC B1318 - Battery Voltage Low
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: DTC U0155 - Lost Communication With Instrument Panel Cluster (Ic) Control Module
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Speed Control Switch Removal/Installation
    • Speed Control DEACTIVATOR Switch Removal/Installation
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Entertainment System
      • Audio System
        • Functional Components
        • Audio Line-Up
        • Antenna
        • Satellite Radio
        • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
        • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) - Vehicles Without Navigation Only
        • Navigation System
      • Audio System - Hybrid
        • Audio Line-Up
        • Antenna
        • AM/FM Antenna Cable
        • Satellite Radio - Early Build Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Satellite Radio - Early Build Vehicles With Navigation, All Late Build Vehicles
        • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
        • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) - Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Navigation
      • Audio Control Module (ACM) Self-Diagnostic Mode
        • Audio Systems Without Navigation
        • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Electronic Serial Number (ESN) Retrieval - Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Audio Systems With Navigation
      • Audio Unit Part Number Retrieval - Hybrid
        • Audio Systems Without Navigation
        • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Electronic Serial Number (ESN) Retrieval - Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Navigation Audio System
      • Audio Control Module (ACM) Removal/Installation
        • All Except Navigation
        • Navigation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Audio Control Module (ACM) Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • All Audio Control Modules (ACMs) Except Navigation
        • Navigation Audio Control Module (ACM)
        • Removal/Installation
      • Door Speakers Removal/Installation
      • Subwoofer Speaker Removal/Installation
      • Subwoofer Amplifier Removal/Installation
      • Antenna - Am/Fm Removal/Installation
      • Antenna - Satellite Radio Removal/Installation
      • Antenna Cable - Am/Fm Removal/Installation
      • Antenna Cable - Satellite Radio Removal/Installation
      • Antenna Cable - Satellite Radio Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Audio Input Jack Removal/Installation
      • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Removal/Installation
      • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) Removal/Installation
      • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Removal/Installation
      • Audio Amplifier Removal/Installation
      • Steering Wheel Controls Removal/Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Entertainment System]
      • Entertainment System
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Audio Control Module (ACM)
          • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
          • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM)
          • Satellite Audio
          • Antenna - AM/FM
          • Subwoofer
          • Audio Input Jack
          • Noise Suppression Equipment
          • Steering Wheel Controls
          • Network Communication
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Entertainment System - DTC Charts
        • Audio Control Module (ACM) DTC Chart
        • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) DTC Chart
        • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) DTC Chart
        • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Audio System
        • Symptom Chart - General Audio System
        • Symptom Chart - Sound Quality
        • Symptom Chart - Satellite Radio
      • Connector End Views - Entertainment
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Poor Reception - Am/Fm
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Poor Quality/Distorted/No Sound From One Or More Speakers (Not All Speakers)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Poor Quality/Distorted/No Sound From All Speakers
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Subwoofer Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Loud Popping Sound When Cycling The Ignition
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Speed Sensitive Volume Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Audio Input Jack Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Audio System Does Not Operate Correctly From The Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Is Completely Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: An Individual Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Display Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Satellite Radio Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Vehicles With External Satellite Radio Receiver
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: Poor Reception/Poor Sound Quality/No Sound - Satellite Audio
        • Normal Operation
          • Vehicles With External Satellite Radio Receiver
          • Vehicles With Internal Satellite Radio Receiver
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: DTC U0140
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: DTC B1318 (Audio Control Module [ACM])
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: DTC B1318 (Front Controls Interface Module [FDIM])
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: DTC B1318 (Front Display Interface Module [FDIM])
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: DTC B1318 (Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System [SDARS] Module)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: The Satellite Radio Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Vehicles With Internal Satellite Radio Receiver
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: DTC U0155 Or DTC U0155:00
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Exterior Lights
    • Lighting System
      • Exterior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Headlamps
        • Autolamps
        • Headlamps On With Wipers On Feature
        • Stoplamps
        • Turn Signal/Hazard Lamps
        • Parking Lamps
        • Fog Lamps
        • Reversing Lamps
        • Trailer Tow
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Headlamp Adjustment
        • Headlamp Aiming
        • Photometric Aiming
        • Screen Method Aiming
      • Front Fog Lamp Adjustment
      • AUTOLAMPS Time Delay Adjustment
      • Component Test - Headlight Switch
      • Headlamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Reversing Lamp Switch Removal/Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Removal/Installation
      • Light Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Headlight Switch Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch Removal/Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Courtesy Lamps
        • Interior Mode
        • Dome Defeat
        • Interior Lighting Delay
        • Illuminated Entry
        • Illuminated Exit
        • Theater Lighting
        • Demand Lamps
      • Component Test - Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
      • Interior Lamp Removal/Installation
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Lighting System]
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart - Lighting Systems
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
      • Headlamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
      • Connector End Views - Headlamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both High Beams Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The High Beams Are Always On Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Low Beams Are Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • AUTOLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart-AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS, Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - STOPLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - STOPLAMPS
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Lamps Are Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Fog Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Fog Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Fog Lamps On Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Reversing Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Reversing Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Trailer Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - All
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Trailer Lamp Is Inoperative - Trailer Stop/Turn Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Trailer Parking Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Trailer Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Trailer Tow Turn/Stoplamp
        • Trailer Tow Parking
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Lighting
        • Principles of Operation
        • Interior Lamp Arbitrator
        • Battery Saver
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
      • Connector End Views - Interior Lighting
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With A Door Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With The Liftgate Or The Liftgate Glass Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On From The Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Dome Defeat Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Interior Courtesy Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: All The Courtesy Lamps Stay On Continuously
        • Normal Operation - Door Ajar Input
        • Liftgate/Liftgate Glass Ajar Input
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Input
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: All The Demand Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: An Individual Demand Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Battery Saver Does Not Deactivate After Time-Out
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Information Center [Instrumentation/Driver Info]
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic)
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
      • Instrument Cluster - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Instrument Cluster Configuration
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Lens Removal/Installation
      • Information And Message Center - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Information Displays
        • Setup Displays
        • Oil Life and Oil Life Start Value
        • System Check
        • System Warning Messages
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
      • Message Center Switch Removal/Installation
      • Message Center Configuration - Hybrid
        • Oil Life Reset
        • Oil Life Start Value
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Belt-Minder® Deactivating/Activating
        • Preparation
        • Deactivating/Activating
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Description/Operation
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Principles Of Operation
        • Dimmable Backlighting
        • Fixed Backlighting
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Calibration
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Dimmable Backlighting
          • Fixed Backlighting
          • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Removal/Installation
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Horn Location
      • Horn - Principles Of Operation
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Electronic Compass
        • Notes
        • With Navigation
        • Without Navigation
        • Compass Accuracy
          • Without Navigation
          • With Navigation
      • Compass Zone Adjustment - Hybrid
      • Compass Calibration - Hybrid
      • Video Camera Removal/Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Instrumentation/Driver Information)
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) DTC Chart
      • Instrument Cluster Dealer Test Mode
      • Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
        • Instrument Cluster Dealer Test Mode
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Instrument Cluster
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Instrument Cluster
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Instrument Cluster Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
        • Normal Operation
        • Instrument Cluster DTCs
        • PCM DTCs
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Temperature Gauge Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Speedometer Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Speedometer Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Speedometer Indication
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Speedometer Indication - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Odometer Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Odometer Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Tachometer Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: Incorrect Tachometer Indication
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: Incorrect Tachometer Indication - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Never On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Never On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Abs Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Abs Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: The Door Ajar Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Low Fuel Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Low Fuel Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: The Low Oil Pressure Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil) Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: The Grade Assist Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 20: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 21: The Air Bag Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 22: The High Beam Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 23: The LH/RH Turn Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 24: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 24: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 25: The Stability/Traction Control Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 25: The Stability/Traction Control Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 26: The Powertrain Malfunction (Wrench) Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 26: The Powertrain Malfunction (Wrench) Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 27: DTC B1318 - Battery Voltage Low
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 28: DTC B2A20 - Ignition Stuck In Start And U2472 - Unexpected Ignition State
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 29: DTC U0100 - Lost Communication With ECM/Pcm
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 30: DTC U0121 - Lost Communication With Anti-Lock Brake System Control Module (Abs)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 31: DTC U0140 - Lost Communication With Body Control Module (Gem)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 32: DTC U0151 - Lost Communication With Restraints Control Module (RCM)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 33: DTC B1317 - Battery Voltage High
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 34: DTC U0114 - Lost Communication With Four-Wheel Drive Clutch Control
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 35: DTC U0131 - Lost Communication With Power Steering Control Module (VAPS) - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 36: DTC U0163 - Lost Communication With Navigation Control Module (NAV)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 37: DTC U0164 - Lost Communication With HVAC Control Module (EATC)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 38: The Low Oil Pressure Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 39: The Hazard Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 40: The Over-Temperature Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 41: The Ready Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 42: DTC U0101 - Lost Communication With TCM - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 43: DTC U0111 - Lost Communication With Battery Energy Control Module (BCM) - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 44: DTC U0129 - Lost Communication With Brake System Control Module - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 45: The Electric Power Charge/Assist Gauge Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 46: The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Illumination
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Illumination - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
      • Connector End Views - Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Control Illumination Is Inoperative - All Hardwired Illumination
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Control Illumination Is Always On - All Hardwired Illumination
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: All The Instrument Panel Illumination Does Not Dim
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Steering Wheel Control Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Door Lock Control Switch Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: An Individual Component Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: An Individual Component Illumination Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Information And Message Center - Hybrid
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Information And Message Center - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Information And Message Center - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Message Center Is Not Operating Correctly - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Check Fuel Fill Inlet Message Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Stop Safely Now Warning Is Inoperative/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The REGEN Braking Disabled Message Is Inoperative/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Chimes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Chimes - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Gauges And Warning Devices
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Chime Sounds When The Driver Door Is Ajar (No Key In Ignition And Headlamps Off)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Key-In-Ignition Chime Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Key-In-Ignition Chime Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Turn Signal On Chime Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Safety Belt Warning Chime Does Not Operate Correctly/The Belt-Minder® Feature Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Parking Brake Warning Chime Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Horn
      • Connector End Views - Horn
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Horn Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Horn Is Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Electronic Compass - Hybrid
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Electronic Compass - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Electronic Compass - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Compass Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Compass Is Inaccurate - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Rear Video Camera
      • Rear Video Camera - Principles Of Operation
      • Rear Video Camera - Inspection/Verification
      • Connector End Views - Rear Video Camera
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Rear Video Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Poor Image Quality
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Rear Video Mirror Display Is Always On (Vehicles Without Navigation)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Rear Video Camera
  • Headlights
    • Lighting System
      • Exterior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Headlamps
        • Autolamps
        • Headlamps On With Wipers On Feature
        • Stoplamps
        • Turn Signal/Hazard Lamps
        • Parking Lamps
        • Fog Lamps
        • Reversing Lamps
        • Trailer Tow
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Headlamp Adjustment
        • Headlamp Aiming
        • Photometric Aiming
        • Screen Method Aiming
      • Front Fog Lamp Adjustment
      • AUTOLAMPS Time Delay Adjustment
      • Component Test - Headlight Switch
      • Headlamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Reversing Lamp Switch Removal/Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Removal/Installation
      • Light Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Headlight Switch Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch Removal/Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Courtesy Lamps
        • Interior Mode
        • Dome Defeat
        • Interior Lighting Delay
        • Illuminated Entry
        • Illuminated Exit
        • Theater Lighting
        • Demand Lamps
      • Component Test - Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
      • Interior Lamp Removal/Installation
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Lighting System]
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart - Lighting Systems
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
      • Headlamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
      • Connector End Views - Headlamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both High Beams Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The High Beams Are Always On Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Low Beams Are Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • AUTOLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart-AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS, Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - STOPLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - STOPLAMPS
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Lamps Are Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Fog Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Fog Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Fog Lamps On Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Reversing Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Reversing Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Trailer Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - All
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Trailer Lamp Is Inoperative - Trailer Stop/Turn Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Trailer Parking Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Trailer Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Trailer Tow Turn/Stoplamp
        • Trailer Tow Parking
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Lighting
        • Principles of Operation
        • Interior Lamp Arbitrator
        • Battery Saver
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
      • Connector End Views - Interior Lighting
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With A Door Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With The Liftgate Or The Liftgate Glass Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On From The Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Dome Defeat Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Interior Courtesy Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: All The Courtesy Lamps Stay On Continuously
        • Normal Operation - Door Ajar Input
        • Liftgate/Liftgate Glass Ajar Input
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Input
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: All The Demand Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: An Individual Demand Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Battery Saver Does Not Deactivate After Time-Out
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Heated Glass/Defoggers
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Front Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Rear View Mirror Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch
        • Notes
        • Inspection
      • Exterior Mirror Motor Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Driver Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Passenger Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Left Rear
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Right Rear
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Fixed Glass Seal Test
      • Squeak/Screech Noise or Vertical Scratches in the Window Glass - Adjusting the Weatherstrip Flange
      • Window Regulator Grind Noise When Operating Window - Adjusting the Window Regulator
        • All doors
        • Front door
        • Rear door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Front Door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Rear Door
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Horns
    • Information Center [Instrumentation/Driver Info]
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic)
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
      • Instrument Cluster - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Instrument Cluster Configuration
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Lens Removal/Installation
      • Information And Message Center - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Information Displays
        • Setup Displays
        • Oil Life and Oil Life Start Value
        • System Check
        • System Warning Messages
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
      • Message Center Switch Removal/Installation
      • Message Center Configuration - Hybrid
        • Oil Life Reset
        • Oil Life Start Value
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Belt-Minder® Deactivating/Activating
        • Preparation
        • Deactivating/Activating
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Description/Operation
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Principles Of Operation
        • Dimmable Backlighting
        • Fixed Backlighting
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Calibration
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Dimmable Backlighting
          • Fixed Backlighting
          • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Removal/Installation
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Horn Location
      • Horn - Principles Of Operation
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Electronic Compass
        • Notes
        • With Navigation
        • Without Navigation
        • Compass Accuracy
          • Without Navigation
          • With Navigation
      • Compass Zone Adjustment - Hybrid
      • Compass Calibration - Hybrid
      • Video Camera Removal/Installation
  • Ignition Switch/Steering Lock
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Power System]
      • Steering Column Switches
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Steering Column Switches
          • Ignition Switch
          • Multifunction Switch
          • Key Removal Inhibit Solenoid
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Ignition Switch Mechanical Check
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Systems
      • Connector End Views - Power Systems
      • Pinpoint Test 1: No Power In All Ignition Switch Positions
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: No Power In Acc
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Pinpoint Test 3: No Power In Run
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: No Power In Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC B2A20 - Ignition Stuck In Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 6: DTCs B2844 AND U2472 - IGNITION FAULT AND UNEXPECTED IGNITION STATE
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: DTC B1352 - Ignition Key-In Circuit Failure, The Ignition Key Cannot Be Removed From The Ignition Cylinder Or The Ignition Key Can Be Removed From The Ignition Cylinder Regardless Of Gear Selector Position
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Ignition Key Can Be Turned To The Off Position When The Selector Lever Is Not In Park
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch, Mechanical
  • Infotainment
    • Entertainment System
      • Audio System
        • Functional Components
        • Audio Line-Up
        • Antenna
        • Satellite Radio
        • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
        • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) - Vehicles Without Navigation Only
        • Navigation System
      • Audio System - Hybrid
        • Audio Line-Up
        • Antenna
        • AM/FM Antenna Cable
        • Satellite Radio - Early Build Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Satellite Radio - Early Build Vehicles With Navigation, All Late Build Vehicles
        • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
        • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) - Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Navigation
      • Audio Control Module (ACM) Self-Diagnostic Mode
        • Audio Systems Without Navigation
        • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Electronic Serial Number (ESN) Retrieval - Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Audio Systems With Navigation
      • Audio Unit Part Number Retrieval - Hybrid
        • Audio Systems Without Navigation
        • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Electronic Serial Number (ESN) Retrieval - Vehicles Without Navigation
        • Navigation Audio System
      • Audio Control Module (ACM) Removal/Installation
        • All Except Navigation
        • Navigation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Audio Control Module (ACM) Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • All Audio Control Modules (ACMs) Except Navigation
        • Navigation Audio Control Module (ACM)
        • Removal/Installation
      • Door Speakers Removal/Installation
      • Subwoofer Speaker Removal/Installation
      • Subwoofer Amplifier Removal/Installation
      • Antenna - Am/Fm Removal/Installation
      • Antenna - Satellite Radio Removal/Installation
      • Antenna Cable - Am/Fm Removal/Installation
      • Antenna Cable - Satellite Radio Removal/Installation
      • Antenna Cable - Satellite Radio Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Audio Input Jack Removal/Installation
      • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module Removal/Installation
      • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) Removal/Installation
      • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Removal/Installation
      • Audio Amplifier Removal/Installation
      • Steering Wheel Controls Removal/Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Car-Navigation System)
      • Navigation System
        • Principles of Operation
          • Navigation System
          • Jukebox Feature
          • Global Positioning System (GPS) Antenna
          • Steering Wheel Controls
          • Satellite Audio
          • Network Communication
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Navigation System DTC Chart
        • Notes
        • Audio Control Module (ACM) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Navigation
      • Pinpoint Test 1: No Global Positioning System (GPS) Antenna Signal
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Audio Control Module (ACM) Does Not Respond To Touchscreen Or Button Presses
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Position Cursor Is Inaccurate
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Voice Guidance Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: An Individual Audio Control Module (ACM) Touchscreen Display Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Satellite Radio Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Poor Reception - Am/Fm
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: Poor Quality/Distorted/No Sound From One Or More Speakers (Not All Speakers)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Subwoofer Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: The Steering Wheel Controls Are Inoperative/Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Speed Sensitive Volume Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Satellite Radio Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: Poor Reception/Poor Sound Quality/No Sound - Satellite Audio
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: Voice Recognition Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: DTC U0140:00
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: U3003:16
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: DTC U3003:17
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Entertainment System]
      • Entertainment System
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Audio Control Module (ACM)
          • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
          • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM)
          • Satellite Audio
          • Antenna - AM/FM
          • Subwoofer
          • Audio Input Jack
          • Noise Suppression Equipment
          • Steering Wheel Controls
          • Network Communication
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Entertainment System - DTC Charts
        • Audio Control Module (ACM) DTC Chart
        • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) DTC Chart
        • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM) DTC Chart
        • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS) Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Audio System
        • Symptom Chart - General Audio System
        • Symptom Chart - Sound Quality
        • Symptom Chart - Satellite Radio
      • Connector End Views - Entertainment
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Poor Reception - Am/Fm
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Poor Quality/Distorted/No Sound From One Or More Speakers (Not All Speakers)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Poor Quality/Distorted/No Sound From All Speakers
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Subwoofer Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Loud Popping Sound When Cycling The Ignition
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Speed Sensitive Volume Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Audio Input Jack Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Audio System Does Not Operate Correctly From The Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Is Completely Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: An Individual Front Display Interface Module (FDIM) Display Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Satellite Radio Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Vehicles With External Satellite Radio Receiver
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: Poor Reception/Poor Sound Quality/No Sound - Satellite Audio
        • Normal Operation
          • Vehicles With External Satellite Radio Receiver
          • Vehicles With Internal Satellite Radio Receiver
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: DTC U0140
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: DTC B1318 (Audio Control Module [ACM])
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: DTC B1318 (Front Controls Interface Module [FDIM])
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: DTC B1318 (Front Display Interface Module [FDIM])
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: DTC B1318 (Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System [SDARS] Module)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: The Satellite Radio Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Vehicles With Internal Satellite Radio Receiver
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: DTC U0155 Or DTC U0155:00
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Exterior Trim
      • Radiator Grille Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Trim - Exploded View
      • Rocker Panel Moulding Removal/Installation
      • Window Moulding - Front Door Removal/Installation
      • Window Moulding - Rear Door Removal/Installation
      • License Plate Housing Removal/Installation
    • Interior Trim
      • Front Door Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Interior Trim Panels - Exploded View
      • A-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • B-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • C-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • D-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Quarter Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Headliner Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Power Point Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Floor Console Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel - Exploded View
      • Instrument Panel Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Finish Panel Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel Center Finish Panel - Upper Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel Center Finish Panel - Middle Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel Center Finish Panel - Lower Removal/Installation
        • Vehicles With A Manual Transaxle
        • Vehicles With An Automatic Transaxle
        • All vehicles
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Lighting System
      • Exterior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Headlamps
        • Autolamps
        • Headlamps On With Wipers On Feature
        • Stoplamps
        • Turn Signal/Hazard Lamps
        • Parking Lamps
        • Fog Lamps
        • Reversing Lamps
        • Trailer Tow
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Headlamp Adjustment
        • Headlamp Aiming
        • Photometric Aiming
        • Screen Method Aiming
      • Front Fog Lamp Adjustment
      • AUTOLAMPS Time Delay Adjustment
      • Component Test - Headlight Switch
      • Headlamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Reversing Lamp Switch Removal/Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Removal/Installation
      • Light Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Headlight Switch Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch Removal/Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Courtesy Lamps
        • Interior Mode
        • Dome Defeat
        • Interior Lighting Delay
        • Illuminated Entry
        • Illuminated Exit
        • Theater Lighting
        • Demand Lamps
      • Component Test - Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
      • Interior Lamp Removal/Installation
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Lighting System]
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart - Lighting Systems
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
      • Headlamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
      • Connector End Views - Headlamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both High Beams Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The High Beams Are Always On Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Low Beams Are Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • AUTOLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart-AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS, Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - STOPLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - STOPLAMPS
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Lamps Are Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Fog Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Fog Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Fog Lamps On Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Reversing Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Reversing Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Trailer Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - All
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Trailer Lamp Is Inoperative - Trailer Stop/Turn Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Trailer Parking Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Trailer Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Trailer Tow Turn/Stoplamp
        • Trailer Tow Parking
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Lighting
        • Principles of Operation
        • Interior Lamp Arbitrator
        • Battery Saver
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
      • Connector End Views - Interior Lighting
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With A Door Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With The Liftgate Or The Liftgate Glass Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On From The Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Dome Defeat Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Interior Courtesy Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: All The Courtesy Lamps Stay On Continuously
        • Normal Operation - Door Ajar Input
        • Liftgate/Liftgate Glass Ajar Input
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Input
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: All The Demand Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: An Individual Demand Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Battery Saver Does Not Deactivate After Time-Out
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Mirrors
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Front Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Rear View Mirror Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch
        • Notes
        • Inspection
      • Exterior Mirror Motor Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Driver Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Passenger Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Left Rear
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Right Rear
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Fixed Glass Seal Test
      • Squeak/Screech Noise or Vertical Scratches in the Window Glass - Adjusting the Weatherstrip Flange
      • Window Regulator Grind Noise When Operating Window - Adjusting the Window Regulator
        • All doors
        • Front door
        • Rear door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Front Door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Rear Door
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Seats
    • Seat System
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Power Seats
        • Heated Seats
        • Side Air Bags
        • Occupant Classification Sensor (OCS)
      • Front Seat Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Cushion Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Seat Cushion - Driver
        • Seat Cushion - Front, Passenger
        • Removal/Installation
      • Front Seat Cushion Cover Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest Cover Removal/Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest Removal/Installation
      • Lumbar Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - Split Bench Removal/Installation
        • 60/40 Split Bench
        • Sixty Percent Rear Seat Backrest (LH) Shown, 40 Percent Backrest (RH) Similar
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Track Removal/Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly/Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest Cover Removal/Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion Disassembly/Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Driver Seat Cushion Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
      • Front Passenger Seat Cushion Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion Cover Removal/Installation
      • Seat Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Seat Control Switch
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Lighting System
      • Exterior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Headlamps
        • Autolamps
        • Headlamps On With Wipers On Feature
        • Stoplamps
        • Turn Signal/Hazard Lamps
        • Parking Lamps
        • Fog Lamps
        • Reversing Lamps
        • Trailer Tow
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Headlamp Adjustment
        • Headlamp Aiming
        • Photometric Aiming
        • Screen Method Aiming
      • Front Fog Lamp Adjustment
      • AUTOLAMPS Time Delay Adjustment
      • Component Test - Headlight Switch
      • Headlamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Removal/Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Reversing Lamp Switch Removal/Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Removal/Installation
      • Light Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Headlight Switch Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch Removal/Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Courtesy Lamps
        • Interior Mode
        • Dome Defeat
        • Interior Lighting Delay
        • Illuminated Entry
        • Illuminated Exit
        • Theater Lighting
        • Demand Lamps
      • Component Test - Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
      • Interior Lamp Removal/Installation
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Lighting System]
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart - Lighting Systems
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
      • Headlamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
      • Connector End Views - Headlamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both High Beams Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The High Beams Are Always On Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Low Beams Are Always On
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • AUTOLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart-AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - AUTOLAMPS, Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The AUTOLAMPS Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - STOPLAMPS
      • Connector End Views - STOPLAMPS
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Turn Signal And Hazard Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Lamps Are Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Parking, Rear And License Plate Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking, Rear Or License Plate Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Fog Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Fog Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Fog Lamps On Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Reversing Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
        • Principles of Operation
          • Automatic Transaxle
          • Manual Transaxle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Reversing Lamps - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Reversing Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
      • Connector End Views - Trailer Lamps
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - All
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: An Individual Trailer Lamp Is Inoperative - Trailer Stop/Turn Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Trailer Parking Lamp
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Trailer Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Trailer Tow Turn/Stoplamp
        • Trailer Tow Parking
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Lighting
        • Principles of Operation
        • Interior Lamp Arbitrator
        • Battery Saver
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
      • Connector End Views - Interior Lighting
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With A Door Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On With The Liftgate Or The Liftgate Glass Open
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Courtesy Lamps Do Not Turn On From The Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Dome Defeat Feature Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Interior Courtesy Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: All The Courtesy Lamps Stay On Continuously
        • Normal Operation - Door Ajar Input
        • Liftgate/Liftgate Glass Ajar Input
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Input
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: All The Demand Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: An Individual Demand Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Battery Saver Does Not Deactivate After Time-Out
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Power System]
      • Steering Column Switches
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Steering Column Switches
          • Ignition Switch
          • Multifunction Switch
          • Key Removal Inhibit Solenoid
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Ignition Switch Mechanical Check
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Systems
      • Connector End Views - Power Systems
      • Pinpoint Test 1: No Power In All Ignition Switch Positions
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: No Power In Acc
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Pinpoint Test 3: No Power In Run
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: No Power In Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC B2A20 - Ignition Stuck In Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 6: DTCs B2844 AND U2472 - IGNITION FAULT AND UNEXPECTED IGNITION STATE
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: DTC B1352 - Ignition Key-In Circuit Failure, The Ignition Key Cannot Be Removed From The Ignition Cylinder Or The Ignition Key Can Be Removed From The Ignition Cylinder Regardless Of Gear Selector Position
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Ignition Key Can Be Turned To The Off Position When The Selector Lever Is Not In Park
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch, Mechanical
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Front Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Rear View Mirror Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch
        • Notes
        • Inspection
      • Exterior Mirror Motor Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Driver Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Passenger Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Left Rear
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Right Rear
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Fixed Glass Seal Test
      • Squeak/Screech Noise or Vertical Scratches in the Window Glass - Adjusting the Weatherstrip Flange
      • Window Regulator Grind Noise When Operating Window - Adjusting the Window Regulator
        • All doors
        • Front door
        • Rear door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Front Door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Rear Door
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Washer System And Wiper System]
      • Wipers And Washers
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • High Speed Windshield Wipers
          • Low Speed Windshield Wipers
          • Intermittent Speed Windshield Wipers
          • Intermittent Rear Window Wiper System
          • Washer System
          • Software Safe Mode
          • Windshield Wiper Circuit Function Table
          • Rear Wiper Circuit Function Table
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wipers And Washers
      • Connector End Views - Wiper/Washer Systems
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Wipers Are Inoperative - Windshield
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Wipers Are Inoperative - Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Wipers Stay On Continuously - Windshield
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Wipers Stay On Continuously - Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The High/Low Wiper Speeds Do Not Operate Correctly - Windshield
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Intermittent Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly - Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Intermittent Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly - Windshield
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Washer Pump Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Headlamps Do Not Illuminate When The Wipers Are On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Wiper Motor - Windshield
        • Notes
        • Low Speed
        • High Speed
        • Washer Pump Relay (Integral)
      • Component Test - Wiper Motor - Rear Window
        • Notes
        • On Mode
        • Washer Pump Relay (Integral)
    • Technical Data [Body & Accessories - Body Panel System & Wiper System)
      • Specifications
        • Body Openings
        • Wipers
        • Roof Opening Panel
        • Materials
    • Washer System & Wiper System
      • Wipers And Washers - Front
      • Wiper And Washer System - Exploded View, Front
      • Wiper Pivot Arm - Front Removal/Installation
      • Wiper Blade Removal/Installation
      • Wiper Mounting Arm And Pivot Shaft Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Wiper Motor Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Wiper/Washer Switch Inspection
      • Wiper And Washer System - Exploded View, Washer Pump And Reservoir
      • Washer Pump And Reservoir Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Washer Pump Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Wiper Blade And Pivot Arm Adjustment
      • Washer Hose Repair
        • Notes
        • C-Lock Coupler
      • Wipers And Washers - Rear
      • Wiper Pivot Arm - Rear Removal/Installation
      • Rear Window Wiper Motor Removal/Installation
      • Rear Window Wiper Blade And Pivot Arm Adjustment
      • Wiper Blade - Rear Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Security System And Locks System
      • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Hood Latch
        • Front Door
        • Rear Door
        • Liftgate
        • Liftgate Glass
        • Power Lock/Unlock
        • Autolock
        • Auto-Unlock
        • Smart Unlock
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Lock/Unlock Control - Unlock
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Lock/Unlock Control - Lock
        • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Liftgate Glass Release
        • Panic Alarm
        • Perimeter Lighting Feature
      • Hood Latch And Components - Exploded View
      • Hood Latch Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Hood Latch Release Handle Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Handles, Locks And Latches - Exploded View
      • Interior Door Handle - Front Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Front Door Handle Removal/Installation
      • Door Handle Reinforcement - Exterior, Front Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Latch Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Handles, Locks And Latches - Exploded View
      • Interior Door Handle - Rear Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Latch Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Rear Door Handle Removal/Installation
      • Door Handle Reinforcement - Exterior, Rear Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Handle, Lock And Latch - Exploded View
      • Liftgate Latch Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Glass Latch Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Release Switch Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Release Switch - Liftgate Glass Removal/Installation
      • Ignition Lock Cylinder Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Door Lock Cylinder Removal/Installation
      • Door Lock Control Switch Removal/Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Security/Locks - 2.5L Except Hybrid And 3.0L]
      • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation↓
          • Notes
          • Power Locks
          • Liftgate and Liftgate Glass Release
          • Remote Keyless Entry (RKE)
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems DTC Chart
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Instrument Cluster (IC) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Door Locks/Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
        • Electrical Symptom Chart
        • Mechanical Symptom Chart
      • Connector End Views - Power Door Locks
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single/More Than One Door Lock Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From One Switch
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Liftgate Window Latch Release Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Liftgate Latch Release Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Transmitter Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: An Individual Button/Feature Is Inoperative From The Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) Transmitter
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter (RKE) Has Poor Range Performance
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: DTC B2A25 - Trim Panel Lock Switch Circuit Failure
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The AUTOLOCK Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Auto-Unlock Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: The Smart Unlock Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: DTC B1137 - Data Not Programmed
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Keypad
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: Hard To Open/Close Door From Either Door Handle
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: A Door Is Difficult/Does Not Open From The Exterior Door Handle
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: A Door Is Difficult/Does Not Open From The Interior Door Handle
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 20: Exterior Door Release Handle Sticks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 21: Interior Door Release Handle Sticks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 22: Squeak/Rattle/Chucking Noise From Door
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 23: Manual Door Lock Cylinder Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 24: Unable To Remove The Key From The Ignition Lock Cylinder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Door Lock Control Switch
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Anti-Theft Indicator
          • Encoded PATS Keys
          • PATS Transceiver
          • PATS Operation
          • PATS Parameter Identification (PIDs)
          • Unlimited Key Mode
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) DTC Chart
        • Instrument Cluster (IC) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Connector End Views - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: DTC B2103 - Antenna Not Connected
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC B1600 - Pats Ignition Key Transponder Signal Is Not Received
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC B1601 - Pats Received Incorrect Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: DTC B1602 - Pats Received Invalid Format Of Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC B1681 - Pats Transceiver Module Signal Is Not Received
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Anti-Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: DTC U0100 - Lost Communication With ECM/Pcm, DTC U2511 - Can - Data Mis-Match (Receive Data Does Not Match Expected)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Vehicle Does Not Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Universal Transmitter
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Universal Transmitter programming
        • Universal Transmitter Programming (Rolling Code)
        • Erasing the Lear Car2U® System Buttons (Rolling Code)
        • Universal Transmitter Programming (Fixed Code)
          • Notes
          • Erasing the Lear Car2U® System Buttons (Fixed Code)
      • SYMPTOM TROUBLESHOOTING CHART - Universal Transmitter
      • PINPOINT TEST 9: The Universal Transmitter is inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body System [Body Panels]
      • Body Sealer Types And Applications
        • Clear Silicone Rubber
        • Silicone Gasket and Sealant
        • Caulking Cord
        • Weatherstrip Adhesive
        • Silicone Lubricant
        • Flexible Foam Repair
      • Body Misalignment Check
      • Underbody Misalignment Check
        • Notes
        • Underbody Dimensions
      • Bumpers - Exploded Views
        • Notes
        • Front Bumper - Exploded Views
        • Rear Bumper - Exploded Views
          • Rear Bumper Cover Without Trailer Hitch - Exploded View
          • Rear Bumper Cover With Trailer Hitch - Exploded View
      • Front Bumper Cover Removal/Installation
      • Front Bumper Removal/Installation
      • Rear Bumper Cover Removal/Installation
      • Rear Bumper, Without Trailer Hitch - Removal/Installation
      • Rear Bumper, With Trailer Hitch - Removal/Installation
      • Frame Assembly
        • Notes
        • Front Subframe
        • Non-Hybrid
        • Hybrid
        • Rear Subframe
      • SUBFRAME Front - Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • 2.5L and 3.0L Non-Hybrid
        • Hybrid
        • Removal/Installation
      • SUBFRAME - Front Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Removal/Installation
      • SUBFRAME - Rear, Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front End Body Panels
        • Notes
        • Cowl Panel Grille
        • Fender
      • Cowl Panel Grille Removal/Installation
      • Fender Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Fender Splash Shield Removal/Installation
      • Insulation
    • Body System [Doors And Liftgate]
      • Body Closures
      • Door Alignment - Front Door
        • All Alignments
      • Door Alignment - Rear Door
        • Notes
        • All Alignments
      • Hinge Adjustment - Front Door
      • Hinge Adjustment - Rear Door
      • Striker Adjustment
      • Liftgate Alignment
        • All Alignments
      • Door Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Removal/Installation
    • Service Tools [Body & Accessories)
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Body Systems]
      • Body System
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Dust and Water Leaks
          • Wind Noise
          • Squeak and Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Body
    • Technical Data [Body & Accessories - Body Panel System & Wiper System)
      • Specifications
        • Body Openings
        • Wipers
        • Roof Opening Panel
        • Materials
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Exterior Trim
      • Radiator Grille Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Trim - Exploded View
      • Rocker Panel Moulding Removal/Installation
      • Window Moulding - Front Door Removal/Installation
      • Window Moulding - Rear Door Removal/Installation
      • License Plate Housing Removal/Installation
    • Interior Trim
      • Front Door Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Interior Trim Panels - Exploded View
      • A-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • B-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • C-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • D-Pillar Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Quarter Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Headliner Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Trim Panel Removal/Installation
      • Power Point Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Floor Console Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel - Exploded View
      • Instrument Panel Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Finish Panel Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel Center Finish Panel - Upper Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel Center Finish Panel - Middle Removal/Installation
      • Instrument Panel Center Finish Panel - Lower Removal/Installation
        • Vehicles With A Manual Transaxle
        • Vehicles With An Automatic Transaxle
        • All vehicles
  • Ignition Switch/Steering Lock
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Power System]
      • Steering Column Switches
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Steering Column Switches
          • Ignition Switch
          • Multifunction Switch
          • Key Removal Inhibit Solenoid
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Ignition Switch Mechanical Check
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Systems
      • Connector End Views - Power Systems
      • Pinpoint Test 1: No Power In All Ignition Switch Positions
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: No Power In Acc
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Pinpoint Test 3: No Power In Run
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: No Power In Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC B2A20 - Ignition Stuck In Start
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 6: DTCs B2844 AND U2472 - IGNITION FAULT AND UNEXPECTED IGNITION STATE
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: DTC B1352 - Ignition Key-In Circuit Failure, The Ignition Key Cannot Be Removed From The Ignition Cylinder Or The Ignition Key Can Be Removed From The Ignition Cylinder Regardless Of Gear Selector Position
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Ignition Key Can Be Turned To The Off Position When The Selector Lever Is Not In Park
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch, Mechanical
  • Mirrors
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Front Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Rear View Mirror Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch
        • Notes
        • Inspection
      • Exterior Mirror Motor Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Driver Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Passenger Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Left Rear
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Right Rear
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Fixed Glass Seal Test
      • Squeak/Screech Noise or Vertical Scratches in the Window Glass - Adjusting the Weatherstrip Flange
      • Window Regulator Grind Noise When Operating Window - Adjusting the Window Regulator
        • All doors
        • Front door
        • Rear door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Front Door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Rear Door
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Seats
    • Seat System
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Power Seats
        • Heated Seats
        • Side Air Bags
        • Occupant Classification Sensor (OCS)
      • Front Seat Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Cushion Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Seat Cushion - Driver
        • Seat Cushion - Front, Passenger
        • Removal/Installation
      • Front Seat Cushion Cover Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest Cover Removal/Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest Removal/Installation
      • Lumbar Assembly Removal/Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - Split Bench Removal/Installation
        • 60/40 Split Bench
        • Sixty Percent Rear Seat Backrest (LH) Shown, 40 Percent Backrest (RH) Similar
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Track Removal/Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly/Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest Cover Removal/Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion Disassembly/Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Driver Seat Cushion Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
      • Front Passenger Seat Cushion Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion Cover Removal/Installation
      • Seat Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Seat Control Switch
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Sunroof System
      • Roof Opening Panel
      • Air Deflector Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Glass Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Shield Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Motor Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Frame Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Front Drain Hose Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Rear Drain Hose Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Module Removal/Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Alignment
      • Roof Opening Panel Motor Initialization/Synchronization - RESYNCHRONIZATION Procedure
        • Notes
        • Re-synchronize An Existing Moon Roof Motor
        • Initialize A New Moon Roof Motor
      • Motor Synchronization
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Technical Data [Body & Accessories - Body Panel System & Wiper System)
      • Specifications
        • Body Openings
        • Wipers
        • Roof Opening Panel
        • Materials
  • Windows
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Window Operation
          • Window Control Switches
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Front Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass Removal/And Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Rear View Mirror Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch
        • Notes
        • Inspection
      • Exterior Mirror Motor Removal/Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Glass Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Control Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Driver Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Passenger Side
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Left Rear
      • Component Test - Window Control Switch - Right Rear
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Fixed Glass Seal Test
      • Squeak/Screech Noise or Vertical Scratches in the Window Glass - Adjusting the Weatherstrip Flange
      • Window Regulator Grind Noise When Operating Window - Adjusting the Window Regulator
        • All doors
        • Front door
        • Rear door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Front Door
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms - Exploded View, Rear Door
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats]
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Window Operation
        • Window Control Switches
        • Rear Window Defrost
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Inspection And Verification
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Windows
      • Connector End Views - Power Windows
      • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Front Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - LH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - RH Rear Window
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Delayed Accessory Does Not Turn Off
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Grid Wire Test
      • Component Test - Rear Window Defrost Relay
      • Component Test - Delayed Accessory Relay
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Power Mirrors
        • Heated Exterior Rear View Mirror
      • Exterior Rear View Mirrors - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior Mirrors
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors - Noise, Vibration And Harshness
      • Connector End Views - Exterior Rear View Mirrors
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Principles Of Operation
        • Interior Auto-Dimming Rear View Mirror
      • Interior Rear View Mirror - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Mirrors
      • Connector End Views - Interior Rear View Mirror
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Auto-Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Roof Opening Panel - Principles Of Operation
      • Roof Opening Panel - Inspection And Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Special Notes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Roof Opening Panel
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Express Open/Close Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Seats - Principles Of Operation
        • Power Seat (Driver Only)
        • Heated Seats
      • Seats - Inspection And Verification
      • Seats - HVAC Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
      • Connector End Views - Seats
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedures
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Heated Seats Are Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Driver
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Passenger
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake System
      • Anti-Lock Control Description/Operation
        • Notes
        • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
        • Anti-Lock Control
        • AdvanceTrac® System
          • Traction Control System
          • ESC System
        • Roll Stability Control (RSC®) System
        • Stability/Traction Control Switch
        • Trailer Sway Control
      • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) - Hybrid Removal/Installation
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Module Removal/Installation
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Module Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Front Wheel Speed Sensor And Sensor Ring Removal/Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor Ring
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Rear Wheel Speed Sensor And Sensor Ring Removal/Installation
        • Wheel Speed Sensor - Rear
        • Wheel Speed Sensor Ring - Rear
      • Stability/Traction Control Switch Removal/Installation
    • General Procedures [Brake System]
      • Brake System
        • Notes
        • Conventional Brake System (Non-Hybrid Vehicles)
        • Regenerative Braking System (Hybrid Vehicles)
      • Brake Disc Machining
      • Brake System Bleeding
        • Manual Bleeding - Non-Hybrid Vehicles Only
        • Pressure Bleeding
        • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Bleeding
      • Component Bleeding
        • Master Cylinder
        • Brake Caliper
        • Wheel Cylinder
      • Wheel Cylinder Lubrication
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Conventional Brake System
      • Brake Shoe Adjustment
      • Brake Pedal And Bracket Removal/Installation
      • Brake Master Cylinder Removal/Installation
      • Brake Booster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Brake Master Cylinder Disassembly/Assembly
      • Disc Brake System - Exploded View
      • Brake Pads - Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Brake Flexible Hose Removal/Installation - Disc
        • Removal/Installation
      • Brake Caliper - Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Brake Caliper Anchor Plate Removal/Installation
      • Brake Disc - Removal/Installation
      • Drum Brake System - Exploded View
      • Brake Drum Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Brake Shoes Removal/Installation
      • Wheel Cylinder Removal/Installation
      • Brake Flexible Hose Removal/Installation - Drum
      • Brake Backing Plate Removal/Installation
      • Wheel Cylinder Disassembly/Assembly
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
    • General Procedures [Brake System]
      • Brake System
        • Notes
        • Conventional Brake System (Non-Hybrid Vehicles)
        • Regenerative Braking System (Hybrid Vehicles)
      • Brake Disc Machining
      • Brake System Bleeding
        • Manual Bleeding - Non-Hybrid Vehicles Only
        • Pressure Bleeding
        • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Bleeding
      • Component Bleeding
        • Master Cylinder
        • Brake Caliper
        • Wheel Cylinder
      • Wheel Cylinder Lubrication
    • Service Tools [Brake System - Except Hybrid]
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Conventional And Hybrid Brake System]
      • Brake System
        • Principles of Operation
          • Conventional Brake System
          • Regenerative Braking System (Hybrid Vehicles)
          • Electric Vacuum Pump (Hybrid Vehicles)
          • Brake-By-Wire System (Hybrid Vehicles)
          • Red Brake Warning Indicator
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Material
      • Brake System - Hybrid
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Regenerative Braking System
          • Red Brake Warning indicator
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Conventional Brake System
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Brake System - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Vibration When Brakes Are Applied
        • Normal Operation
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests - Brake System
        • Brake Booster
        • Brake Master Cylinder Tests
      • Anti-Lock Control
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Anti-Lock Control
          • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
          • AdvanceTrac® with Roll Stability Control (RSC®)
          • Traction Control System
          • Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and Roll Stability Control (RSC®) Systems
          • Stability Control Sensors
          • Steering Wheel Rotation Sensor
          • Stability/Traction Control Switch
          • Stability/Traction Control Indicator "Sliding-Car Icon"
          • Stability/Traction Control System Sensor Calibration
          • ABS Module Configuration
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Anti-Lock Control - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Regenerative Braking
          • Conventional Friction Braking
          • Brake-By-Wire
          • Brake Pedal Feel Simulator and Cut-Off Device
          • Active Brake Booster
          • Electric Vacuum Pump
          • Anti-Lock Control
          • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
          • Traction Control System
          • Electronic Stability Control (ESC) System
          • Roll Stability Control (RSC) System
          • Steering Wheel Rotation Sensor
          • Stability/Traction Control Switch
          • Stability/Traction Control Indicator "Sliding-Car Icon"
          • ABS Module Calibration (Multi-Calibration Routine)
          • ABS Module Configuration
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) DTC Chart
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) DTC Chart - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: DTC B1676 - Battery Pack Voltage Out Of Range
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC C1095 - Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Hydraulic Pump Motor Circuit Failure
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC C1145 (RF), C1155 (LF), C1165 (RR) Or C1175 (LR) - Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 4: DTCs C1233 (LF), C1234 (RF), C1235 (RR) OR C1236 (LR) - WHEEL SPEED SENSOR INPUT SIGNAL MISSING
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 5: DTCs C2777, U0151, U0452 AND U1901
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Red Brake Warning Indicator Is Illuminated And The Yellow Abs Warning Indicator Is Not Illuminated
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 7: DTCs B2900 AND C1805
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: DTC C1996
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 9: DTCs C0020:13 AND 71
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 10: DTCs U3003:16 AND 17
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 11: DTCs C0022:11, 12, 13, 14, 1D AND 49
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 12: DTCs C0021:21, 66 AND 77
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: DTC C0031:01; C0034:01; C0037:01 Or C003A:01
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: DTC C0030:07; C0031:29, 2F, 64; C0033:07; C0034:29, 2F, 64; C0036:07: C0037:29, 2F, 64; C0039:07; C003A:29, 2F Or C003A:64
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 15: DTCs C0048:11, 12, 64; C1108:11, 12 AND 1C
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 16: DTCs C100A:62; C100D:21, 22; C100E:21, 22 AND C100F:11, 12
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 17: DTCs C1011:1C, 1F, 67 AND C1012:01
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: DTC C101A:1C, 62, 64 Or C101B:1C
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 19: DTCs C101C:01 AND 71
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 20: DTCs U0151:87 AND 88
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 21: DTC U3002:62
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 22: The Traction Control Cannot Be Disabled
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 23: DTCs C1277 AND C1278
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Parking Brake
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking Brake
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Parking Brake Does Not Apply
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking Brake Will Not Release
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Technical Data [Brake System]
      • Specifications
        • Lubricant Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Specifications - Hybrid
        • Lubricant Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
  • Parking Brake System
    • Parking Brake System
    • Parking Brake Cable Tension Release
    • Parking Brake Control Removal/Installation
    • Parking Brake Warning Indicator Switch Removal/Installation
    • Parking Brake Cable - Front Removal/Installation
    • Parking Brake Cable - Rear Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Removal/Installation
  • Traction Control
    • Anti-Lock Brake System
      • Anti-Lock Control Description/Operation
        • Notes
        • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
        • Anti-Lock Control
        • AdvanceTrac® System
          • Traction Control System
          • ESC System
        • Roll Stability Control (RSC®) System
        • Stability/Traction Control Switch
        • Trailer Sway Control
      • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) - Hybrid Removal/Installation
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Module Removal/Installation
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Module Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Front Wheel Speed Sensor And Sensor Ring Removal/Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor Ring
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Rear Wheel Speed Sensor And Sensor Ring Removal/Installation
        • Wheel Speed Sensor - Rear
        • Wheel Speed Sensor Ring - Rear
      • Stability/Traction Control Switch Removal/Installation
    • General Procedures [Brake System]
      • Brake System
        • Notes
        • Conventional Brake System (Non-Hybrid Vehicles)
        • Regenerative Braking System (Hybrid Vehicles)
      • Brake Disc Machining
      • Brake System Bleeding
        • Manual Bleeding - Non-Hybrid Vehicles Only
        • Pressure Bleeding
        • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Bleeding
      • Component Bleeding
        • Master Cylinder
        • Brake Caliper
        • Wheel Cylinder
      • Wheel Cylinder Lubrication
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Driveshaft
      • Front Drive HALFSHAFTS Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Drive HALFSHAFTS Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Intermediate Shaft Removal/Installation
      • Front Drive HALFSHAFTS Disassembly And Assembly LH
        • Materials
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Differential
      • Axle Assembly Removal/Installation
    • Service Tools [Driveline/Axle)
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Driveline/Axle]
      • Driveline System Description/Operation
        • Driveline System
        • Driveshaft
        • Universal Joints
        • Rear Drive Unit (RDU)
        • Front Drive Halfshafts
        • Halfshaft Joint
        • Rear Drive Halfshafts
        • Halfshaft Handling
      • Driveline System Inspection/Verification
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Driveshaft Center U-Joint and Constant Velocity (CV) Joint Inspection
          • Driveshaft Center Bearing
          • Symptom Charts - Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
          • Analysis of Leakage
          • Axle Vent
          • Drive Pinion Seal
          • Drive Pinion Nut
          • Differential Seals
      • Driveline Angle Measurement
      • Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Systems - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Heat Protection Mode
      • Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Systems - Principles Of Operation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Heat Protection Mode
      • Four Wheel Drive (4WD) System Inspection/Verification
        • Notes
        • 4X4 Control Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Four Wheel Drive (4WD) System
      • Connector End Views - Four-Wheel Drive Systems
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Four Wheel Drive (4WD) System Functional Test
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: 4X4 Control Module Battery Voltage Is High Or Low
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: 4X4 Control Module Received No/Invalid Data From Pcm
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: 4X4 Control Module Received No/Invalid Data From Abs Module
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: High-Speed Controller Area Network (HS-Can) Communications Bus Fault
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Vehicle Has No Or Inadequate Torque At Rear Wheels
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Vehicle Binds In A Turn Or Resists Turning
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: Tire/Axle Out Of Acceptable Range
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Technical Data [Driveline/Axle]
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Lubricant Capacities
        • Material Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Propeller Shaft
      • Driveshaft
      • Universal Joint - Center And Rear
      • Driveshaft Removal/Installation
      • Driveshaft Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Driveshaft RUNOUT And Balance
        • Driveshaft Inspection
        • Driveshaft Runout
        • Driveshaft Balancing - Using The MTS 4000
        • Driveshaft Balancing - Hose Clamp Method
      • Driveshaft Indexing
  • Wheel Hubs
    • Rear Axle
      • Stub Shaft Pilot Bearing And Seal Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Drive Pinion Seal Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Differential Housing Cover Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • Fuse & Relay Location (Except Hybrid)
      • Battery Junction Box (BJB)
      • Heated Seat Relays
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • OEM Connector End Views (Except Hybrid)
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Field Coil Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102B)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C107)
        • Knock Sensor 2 Connector End View (C108)
        • Knock Sensor 1 Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C123)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow Sensor / Intake Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Pressure Transducer Connector End View (C130)
        • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C132)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C150)
        • Left Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C151)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C152)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C160)
        • Right Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C161)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168A)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168B)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (1 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (2 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (3 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (3 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module Connector End View (C175T)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Heated Positive Crankcase Ventilation Valve Connector End View (C190)
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197A)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197B)
        • Multifunction Switch Connector End View (C202)
        • Main Light Switch Connector End View (C205)
        • Inline (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (1 Of 2)
        • Inline (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (2 Of 2)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C214)
        • Inline Connector End View (C215)
        • Clockspring Connector End View (C218)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220)
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C233)
        • Inline Connector End View (C237)
        • Inline Connector End View (C238)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240A)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240B)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240C)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240D)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (C251)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Connector End View (C252)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256A)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Inline Connector End View (C264)
        • Message Center Switch Connector End View (C269)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Traction Control Switch Connector End View (C280)
        • Autolamp Sensor / Sunload Sensor Connector End View (C286)
        • Autolamp Sensor Connector End View (C287)
        • Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C289)
        • Blower Motor Resistor Connector End View (C293)
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C296)
        • Blower Motor Speed Control Connector End View (C297)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C303)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Driver Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C323)
        • Inline Connector End View (C327)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C337)
        • Inline Connector End View (C339)
        • Inline Connector End View (C340)
        • Left Seat Control Switch Connector End View (C352)
        • Left Power Seat Motor Assembly Connector End View (C353)
        • Driver Seat Position Sensor Connector End View (C356)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C367)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Console Power Point Connector End View (C380)
        • Passenger Seat Belt Tensioner Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402A)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C422)
        • Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C440)
        • Fuel Pump Control Module Connector End View (C446)
        • Left Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C451)
        • Left License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C452)
        • Liftgate Release Switch Connector End View (C456)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Right Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C461)
        • Right License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Inline Connector End View (C495)
        • Keypad Switch Assembly Connector End View (C500)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504A)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504B)
        • Driver Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C505)
        • Driver Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C520)
        • Left Front Speaker Connector End View (C523)
        • Driver Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C524)
        • Driver Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C527)
        • Passenger Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C601)
        • Passenger Side Window Control Switch Connector End View (C604)
        • Passenger Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C605)
        • Passenger Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C608)
        • Passenger Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C609)
        • Right Front Speaker Connector End View (C612)
        • Left Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C701)
        • Left Rear Speaker Connector End View (C702)
        • Left Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C703)
        • Left Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C704)
        • Right Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C801)
        • Right Rear Speaker Connector End View (C802)
        • Right Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C803)
        • Right Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C804)
        • Right Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C906)
        • Left Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C907)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Inline Connector End View (C913)
        • Inline Connector End View (C914)
        • Front Interior Lamp Connector End View (C918)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Inline Connector End View (C922)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926A)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926B)
        • Front Interior Lamp/ Map Lamp Assembly Connector End View (C931)
        • Left Headlamp Connector End View (C1021)
        • Left Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035A)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035B)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035C)
        • Right Headlamp Connector End View (C1041)
        • Right Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1043)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1087)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100A)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100B)
        • Left Horn Connector End View (C1101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104B)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1140)
        • EGR Stepper Motor Connector End View (C1160)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1322)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1323)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 1 Connector End View (C1366)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 2 Connector End View (C1367)
        • Electronic Throttle Control Motor Connector End View (C1368)
        • Two-Way Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1397)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C1447)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 1 Connector End View (C1451)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 2 Connector End View (C1452)
        • Left Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1464)
        • Right Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1465)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid Connector End View (C1542)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C1571)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 21 Connector End View (C1572)
        • Left Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1607)
        • Right Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1608)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View (C2004)
        • Park Brake Switch Connector End View (C2015)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Active Park Assist Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Connector End View (C2040)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041A)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041B)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Driver Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2091)
        • Passenger Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2092)
        • Floor Shifter Connector End View (C2096)
        • Front Display Interface Module Connector End View (C2123)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231A)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231B)
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2261)
        • Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2278)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280A)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280B)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280C)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280D)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280E)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280F)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280G)
        • Passenger Air Bag Deactivation Indicator Connector End View (C2286)
        • Global Positioning System Module Connector End View (C2300)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356A)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356B)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357A)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357B)
        • Audio Input Jack Connector End View (C2401)
        • Front Controls Interface Module Connector End View (C2402)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3007)
        • Seat Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C3042)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3065)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3066)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3134)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154A)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154B)
        • Four Wheel Drive Control Module Connector End View (C3184)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3201)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3202)
        • Driver 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3209)
        • Driver 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3210)
        • Passenger 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3211)
        • Passenger 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3212)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3252)
        • Driver Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3253)
        • Passenger Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3254)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3255)
        • Driver Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3283)
        • Passenger Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3284)
        • Occupant Classification System Module Connector End View (C3285)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (1 Of 2)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (2 Of 2)
        • Ambient Lighting Switch Connector End View (C3350)
        • Ambient Lighting Module Connector End View (C3351)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C3355)
        • Outer Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4009)
        • Inner Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4010)
        • Outer Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4011)
        • Inner Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Right Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4032)
        • Left Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4035)
        • Liftgate Glass Release Switch Connector End View (C4039)
        • Rear View Camera Connector End View (C4234)
        • Active Torque Control Coupling Solenoid Connector End View (C4347)
        • Left Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9006)
        • Right Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9007)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9012)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9030)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9039)
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch
  • Charging Systems
    • Charging System [Except Hybrid]
      • Charging System
      • Battery Charging
      • Battery And Cables
      • Battery Disconnect
      • Battery Removal/Installation
      • Battery And Battery Tray - Exploded View
      • Battery Tray Removal/Installation
      • Battery Cables Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Battery Cables Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Generator Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Generator Removal/Installation - 3.0L
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Fuse & Relay Location (Except Hybrid)
      • Battery Junction Box (BJB)
      • Heated Seat Relays
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch
  • Gauges
    • Information Center [Instrumentation/Driver Info]
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic)
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
      • Instrument Cluster - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Instrument Cluster Configuration
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Lens Removal/Installation
      • Information And Message Center - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Information Displays
        • Setup Displays
        • Oil Life and Oil Life Start Value
        • System Check
        • System Warning Messages
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
      • Message Center Switch Removal/Installation
      • Message Center Configuration - Hybrid
        • Oil Life Reset
        • Oil Life Start Value
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Belt-Minder® Deactivating/Activating
        • Preparation
        • Deactivating/Activating
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Description/Operation
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Principles Of Operation
        • Dimmable Backlighting
        • Fixed Backlighting
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Calibration
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Dimmable Backlighting
          • Fixed Backlighting
          • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Removal/Installation
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Horn Location
      • Horn - Principles Of Operation
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Electronic Compass
        • Notes
        • With Navigation
        • Without Navigation
        • Compass Accuracy
          • Without Navigation
          • With Navigation
      • Compass Zone Adjustment - Hybrid
      • Compass Calibration - Hybrid
      • Video Camera Removal/Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Instrumentation/Driver Information)
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) DTC Chart
      • Instrument Cluster Dealer Test Mode
      • Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) DTC Chart
        • Instrument Cluster Dealer Test Mode
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Instrument Cluster
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Instrument Cluster
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Instrument Cluster Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
        • Normal Operation
        • Instrument Cluster DTCs
        • PCM DTCs
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Temperature Gauge Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Speedometer Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Speedometer Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Speedometer Indication
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Speedometer Indication - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Odometer Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: The Odometer Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Tachometer Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: Incorrect Tachometer Indication
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: Incorrect Tachometer Indication - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Never On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Never On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Abs Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Abs Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: The Door Ajar Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Low Fuel Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Low Fuel Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 17: The Low Oil Pressure Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 18: The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil) Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: The Grade Assist Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 20: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 21: The Air Bag Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 22: The High Beam Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 23: The LH/RH Turn Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 24: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 24: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 25: The Stability/Traction Control Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 25: The Stability/Traction Control Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 26: The Powertrain Malfunction (Wrench) Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 26: The Powertrain Malfunction (Wrench) Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 27: DTC B1318 - Battery Voltage Low
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 28: DTC B2A20 - Ignition Stuck In Start And U2472 - Unexpected Ignition State
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 29: DTC U0100 - Lost Communication With ECM/Pcm
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 30: DTC U0121 - Lost Communication With Anti-Lock Brake System Control Module (Abs)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 31: DTC U0140 - Lost Communication With Body Control Module (Gem)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 32: DTC U0151 - Lost Communication With Restraints Control Module (RCM)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 33: DTC B1317 - Battery Voltage High
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 34: DTC U0114 - Lost Communication With Four-Wheel Drive Clutch Control
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 35: DTC U0131 - Lost Communication With Power Steering Control Module (VAPS) - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 36: DTC U0163 - Lost Communication With Navigation Control Module (NAV)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 37: DTC U0164 - Lost Communication With HVAC Control Module (EATC)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 38: The Low Oil Pressure Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 39: The Hazard Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 40: The Over-Temperature Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 41: The Ready Indicator Is Never/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 42: DTC U0101 - Lost Communication With TCM - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 43: DTC U0111 - Lost Communication With Battery Energy Control Module (BCM) - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 44: DTC U0129 - Lost Communication With Brake System Control Module - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 45: The Electric Power Charge/Assist Gauge Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 46: The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Illumination
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Illumination - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
      • Connector End Views - Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Control Illumination Is Inoperative - All Hardwired Illumination
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Control Illumination Is Always On - All Hardwired Illumination
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: All The Instrument Panel Illumination Does Not Dim
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Steering Wheel Control Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Door Lock Control Switch Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: An Individual Component Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: An Individual Component Illumination Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Information And Message Center - Hybrid
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Information And Message Center - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Information And Message Center - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Message Center Is Not Operating Correctly - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Check Fuel Fill Inlet Message Is Never/Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Stop Safely Now Warning Is Inoperative/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The REGEN Braking Disabled Message Is Inoperative/Always On - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB) DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Chimes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Chimes - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Gauges And Warning Devices
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Chime Sounds When The Driver Door Is Ajar (No Key In Ignition And Headlamps Off)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Key-In-Ignition Chime Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Key-In-Ignition Chime Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Turn Signal On Chime Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: The Safety Belt Warning Chime Does Not Operate Correctly/The Belt-Minder® Feature Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Parking Brake Warning Chime Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Horn
      • Connector End Views - Horn
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Horn Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Horn Is Always On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Electronic Compass - Hybrid
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Instrument Cluster DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Electronic Compass - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Electronic Compass - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Compass Is Inoperative - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Compass Is Inaccurate - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Rear Video Camera
      • Rear Video Camera - Principles Of Operation
      • Rear Video Camera - Inspection/Verification
      • Connector End Views - Rear Video Camera
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Rear Video Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Poor Image Quality
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Rear Video Mirror Display Is Always On (Vehicles Without Navigation)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Test - Rear Video Camera
  • Horns
    • Information Center [Instrumentation/Driver Info]
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic)
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
      • Instrument Cluster - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Messaged Inputs
        • Hardwired Inputs
        • Gauges
        • Informational Indicators
        • Warning Indicators
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Gateway Function
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Instrument Cluster Configuration
        • Instrument Cluster Prove-Out
        • Integrated Circuit Display
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Lens Removal/Installation
      • Information And Message Center - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Information Displays
        • Setup Displays
        • Oil Life and Oil Life Start Value
        • System Check
        • System Warning Messages
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
      • Message Center Switch Removal/Installation
      • Message Center Configuration - Hybrid
        • Oil Life Reset
        • Oil Life Start Value
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Gauges And Warning Chimes - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Instrument Cluster Messages
        • Warning Chime Characteristics
        • Instrument Cluster Chime Characteristics/Priority
        • Safety Belt Warning Chime
        • Belt-Minder®
        • Air Bag Secondary Warning Chime
        • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
        • Headlamps On Warning Chime
        • Door Ajar Warning Chime
        • Turn Signal On Warning Chime
        • Parking Brake Warning Chime
        • Turn/Hazard On Tone
      • Belt-Minder® Deactivating/Activating
        • Preparation
        • Deactivating/Activating
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Description/Operation
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Principles Of Operation
        • Dimmable Backlighting
        • Fixed Backlighting
        • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
        • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Calibration
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Dimmable Backlighting
          • Fixed Backlighting
          • Field-Effect Transistor (FET) Protection
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch Removal/Installation
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Horn Location
      • Horn - Principles Of Operation
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Electronic Compass
        • Notes
        • With Navigation
        • Without Navigation
        • Compass Accuracy
          • Without Navigation
          • With Navigation
      • Compass Zone Adjustment - Hybrid
      • Compass Calibration - Hybrid
      • Video Camera Removal/Installation
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • Fuse & Relay Location (Except Hybrid)
      • Battery Junction Box (BJB)
      • Heated Seat Relays
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • OEM Connector End Views (Except Hybrid)
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Field Coil Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102B)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C107)
        • Knock Sensor 2 Connector End View (C108)
        • Knock Sensor 1 Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C123)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow Sensor / Intake Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Pressure Transducer Connector End View (C130)
        • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C132)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C150)
        • Left Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C151)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C152)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C160)
        • Right Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C161)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168A)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168B)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (1 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (2 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (3 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (3 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module Connector End View (C175T)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Heated Positive Crankcase Ventilation Valve Connector End View (C190)
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197A)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197B)
        • Multifunction Switch Connector End View (C202)
        • Main Light Switch Connector End View (C205)
        • Inline (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (1 Of 2)
        • Inline (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (2 Of 2)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C214)
        • Inline Connector End View (C215)
        • Clockspring Connector End View (C218)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220)
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C233)
        • Inline Connector End View (C237)
        • Inline Connector End View (C238)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240A)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240B)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240C)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240D)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (C251)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Connector End View (C252)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256A)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Inline Connector End View (C264)
        • Message Center Switch Connector End View (C269)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Traction Control Switch Connector End View (C280)
        • Autolamp Sensor / Sunload Sensor Connector End View (C286)
        • Autolamp Sensor Connector End View (C287)
        • Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C289)
        • Blower Motor Resistor Connector End View (C293)
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C296)
        • Blower Motor Speed Control Connector End View (C297)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C303)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Driver Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C323)
        • Inline Connector End View (C327)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C337)
        • Inline Connector End View (C339)
        • Inline Connector End View (C340)
        • Left Seat Control Switch Connector End View (C352)
        • Left Power Seat Motor Assembly Connector End View (C353)
        • Driver Seat Position Sensor Connector End View (C356)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C367)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Console Power Point Connector End View (C380)
        • Passenger Seat Belt Tensioner Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402A)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C422)
        • Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C440)
        • Fuel Pump Control Module Connector End View (C446)
        • Left Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C451)
        • Left License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C452)
        • Liftgate Release Switch Connector End View (C456)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Right Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C461)
        • Right License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Inline Connector End View (C495)
        • Keypad Switch Assembly Connector End View (C500)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504A)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504B)
        • Driver Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C505)
        • Driver Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C520)
        • Left Front Speaker Connector End View (C523)
        • Driver Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C524)
        • Driver Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C527)
        • Passenger Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C601)
        • Passenger Side Window Control Switch Connector End View (C604)
        • Passenger Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C605)
        • Passenger Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C608)
        • Passenger Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C609)
        • Right Front Speaker Connector End View (C612)
        • Left Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C701)
        • Left Rear Speaker Connector End View (C702)
        • Left Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C703)
        • Left Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C704)
        • Right Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C801)
        • Right Rear Speaker Connector End View (C802)
        • Right Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C803)
        • Right Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C804)
        • Right Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C906)
        • Left Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C907)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Inline Connector End View (C913)
        • Inline Connector End View (C914)
        • Front Interior Lamp Connector End View (C918)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Inline Connector End View (C922)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926A)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926B)
        • Front Interior Lamp/ Map Lamp Assembly Connector End View (C931)
        • Left Headlamp Connector End View (C1021)
        • Left Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035A)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035B)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035C)
        • Right Headlamp Connector End View (C1041)
        • Right Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1043)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1087)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100A)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100B)
        • Left Horn Connector End View (C1101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104B)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1140)
        • EGR Stepper Motor Connector End View (C1160)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1322)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1323)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 1 Connector End View (C1366)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 2 Connector End View (C1367)
        • Electronic Throttle Control Motor Connector End View (C1368)
        • Two-Way Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1397)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C1447)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 1 Connector End View (C1451)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 2 Connector End View (C1452)
        • Left Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1464)
        • Right Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1465)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid Connector End View (C1542)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C1571)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 21 Connector End View (C1572)
        • Left Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1607)
        • Right Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1608)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View (C2004)
        • Park Brake Switch Connector End View (C2015)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Active Park Assist Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Connector End View (C2040)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041A)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041B)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Driver Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2091)
        • Passenger Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2092)
        • Floor Shifter Connector End View (C2096)
        • Front Display Interface Module Connector End View (C2123)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231A)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231B)
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2261)
        • Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2278)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280A)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280B)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280C)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280D)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280E)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280F)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280G)
        • Passenger Air Bag Deactivation Indicator Connector End View (C2286)
        • Global Positioning System Module Connector End View (C2300)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356A)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356B)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357A)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357B)
        • Audio Input Jack Connector End View (C2401)
        • Front Controls Interface Module Connector End View (C2402)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3007)
        • Seat Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C3042)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3065)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3066)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3134)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154A)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154B)
        • Four Wheel Drive Control Module Connector End View (C3184)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3201)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3202)
        • Driver 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3209)
        • Driver 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3210)
        • Passenger 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3211)
        • Passenger 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3212)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3252)
        • Driver Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3253)
        • Passenger Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3254)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3255)
        • Driver Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3283)
        • Passenger Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3284)
        • Occupant Classification System Module Connector End View (C3285)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (1 Of 2)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (2 Of 2)
        • Ambient Lighting Switch Connector End View (C3350)
        • Ambient Lighting Module Connector End View (C3351)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C3355)
        • Outer Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4009)
        • Inner Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4010)
        • Outer Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4011)
        • Inner Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Right Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4032)
        • Left Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4035)
        • Liftgate Glass Release Switch Connector End View (C4039)
        • Rear View Camera Connector End View (C4234)
        • Active Torque Control Coupling Solenoid Connector End View (C4347)
        • Left Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9006)
        • Right Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9007)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9012)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9030)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9039)
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - Ignition Switch
  • Starter
    • Starting System
      • Starting System
        • Notes
        • One-Touch Integrated Start (OTIS)
      • Component Test - Starter
        • Notes
        • Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit
        • Starter Motor - Ground Circuit
      • Starter Motor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Starter Motor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views (Except Hybrid)
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Field Coil Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102B)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C107)
        • Knock Sensor 2 Connector End View (C108)
        • Knock Sensor 1 Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C123)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow Sensor / Intake Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Pressure Transducer Connector End View (C130)
        • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C132)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C150)
        • Left Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C151)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C152)
        • Anti-Lock Brake System Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C160)
        • Right Front Side Lamp Connector End View (C161)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168A)
        • Transmission Connector End View (C168B)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (1 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C175B) (2 Of 2)
        • Powertrain Control Module (1 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (2 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (3 Of 3) Connector End View (C175E) (3 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module Connector End View (C175T)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Heated Positive Crankcase Ventilation Valve Connector End View (C190)
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197A)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197B)
        • Multifunction Switch Connector End View (C202)
        • Main Light Switch Connector End View (C205)
        • Inline (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (1 Of 2)
        • Inline (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C210) (2 Of 2)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C214)
        • Inline Connector End View (C215)
        • Clockspring Connector End View (C218)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220)
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C233)
        • Inline Connector End View (C237)
        • Inline Connector End View (C238)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240A)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240B)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240C)
        • Audio Control Module Connector End View (C240D)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (C251)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Connector End View (C252)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256A)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Inline Connector End View (C264)
        • Message Center Switch Connector End View (C269)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Traction Control Switch Connector End View (C280)
        • Autolamp Sensor / Sunload Sensor Connector End View (C286)
        • Autolamp Sensor Connector End View (C287)
        • Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C289)
        • Blower Motor Resistor Connector End View (C293)
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C296)
        • Blower Motor Speed Control Connector End View (C297)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C303)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Driver Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner Connector End View (C323)
        • Inline Connector End View (C327)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C337)
        • Inline Connector End View (C339)
        • Inline Connector End View (C340)
        • Left Seat Control Switch Connector End View (C352)
        • Left Power Seat Motor Assembly Connector End View (C353)
        • Driver Seat Position Sensor Connector End View (C356)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C367)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Console Power Point Connector End View (C380)
        • Passenger Seat Belt Tensioner Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402A)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402B)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C422)
        • Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector End View (C440)
        • Fuel Pump Control Module Connector End View (C446)
        • Left Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C451)
        • Left License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C452)
        • Liftgate Release Switch Connector End View (C456)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Right Reversing Lamp Connector End View (C461)
        • Right License Plate Lamp Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Inline Connector End View (C495)
        • Keypad Switch Assembly Connector End View (C500)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504A)
        • Master Window Control Switch Connector End View (C504B)
        • Driver Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C505)
        • Driver Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C520)
        • Left Front Speaker Connector End View (C523)
        • Driver Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C524)
        • Driver Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C527)
        • Passenger Side Exterior Rear View Mirror Connector End View (C601)
        • Passenger Side Window Control Switch Connector End View (C604)
        • Passenger Side Door Lock Switch Connector End View (C605)
        • Passenger Side Front Power Window Motor Connector End View (C608)
        • Passenger Side Front Door Lock Unit Connector End View (C609)
        • Right Front Speaker Connector End View (C612)
        • Left Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C701)
        • Left Rear Speaker Connector End View (C702)
        • Left Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C703)
        • Left Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C704)
        • Right Rear Window Control Switch Connector End View (C801)
        • Right Rear Speaker Connector End View (C802)
        • Right Rear Power Window Motor Connector End View (C803)
        • Right Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View (C804)
        • Right Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C906)
        • Left Vanity Mirror Lamp Connector End View (C907)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Inline Connector End View (C913)
        • Inline Connector End View (C914)
        • Front Interior Lamp Connector End View (C918)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Inline Connector End View (C922)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926A)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926B)
        • Front Interior Lamp/ Map Lamp Assembly Connector End View (C931)
        • Left Headlamp Connector End View (C1021)
        • Left Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035A)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035B)
        • Battery Junction Box Connector End View (C1035C)
        • Right Headlamp Connector End View (C1041)
        • Right Front Park Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C1043)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1087)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100A)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100B)
        • Left Horn Connector End View (C1101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104A)
        • Generator Connector End View (C1104B)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C1140)
        • EGR Stepper Motor Connector End View (C1160)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Left Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1322)
        • Right Front Fog Lamp Connector End View (C1323)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 1 Connector End View (C1366)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor 2 Connector End View (C1367)
        • Electronic Throttle Control Motor Connector End View (C1368)
        • Two-Way Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1397)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C1447)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 1 Connector End View (C1451)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid 2 Connector End View (C1452)
        • Left Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1464)
        • Right Front Impact Sensor Connector End View (C1465)
        • Variable Camshaft Timing Solenoid Connector End View (C1542)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 11 Connector End View (C1571)
        • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor 21 Connector End View (C1572)
        • Left Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1607)
        • Right Active Park Assist Sensor Connector End View (C1608)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View (C2004)
        • Park Brake Switch Connector End View (C2015)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Active Park Assist Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Connector End View (C2040)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041A)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041B)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Driver Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2091)
        • Passenger Temperature Blend Door Actuator Connector End View (C2092)
        • Floor Shifter Connector End View (C2096)
        • Front Display Interface Module Connector End View (C2123)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231A)
        • Power Steering Control Module Connector End View (C2231B)
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2261)
        • Mode Door Actuator Connector End View (C2278)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280A)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280B)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280C)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280D)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280E)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280F)
        • Smart Junction Box Connector End View (C2280G)
        • Passenger Air Bag Deactivation Indicator Connector End View (C2286)
        • Global Positioning System Module Connector End View (C2300)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356A)
        • HVAC Module - DATC Connector End View (C2356B)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357A)
        • HVAC Module - EMTC Connector End View (C2357B)
        • Audio Input Jack Connector End View (C2401)
        • Front Controls Interface Module Connector End View (C2402)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3007)
        • Seat Pressure Sensor Connector End View (C3042)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3065)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Switch Connector End View (C3066)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C3134)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154A)
        • Audio Amplifier Connector End View (C3154B)
        • Four Wheel Drive Control Module Connector End View (C3184)
        • Driver Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3201)
        • Passenger Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioner Connector End View (C3202)
        • Driver 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3209)
        • Driver 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3210)
        • Passenger 1 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3211)
        • Passenger 2 Side Impact Sensor Connector End View (C3212)
        • Left Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3252)
        • Driver Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3253)
        • Passenger Heated Seat Relay Connector End View (C3254)
        • Right Side Air Bag Module Connector End View (C3255)
        • Driver Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3283)
        • Passenger Side Front Backrest And Cushion Heater Mats Connector End View (C3284)
        • Occupant Classification System Module Connector End View (C3285)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (1 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (1 Of 2)
        • Accessory Protocol Interface Module (2 Of 2) Connector End View (C3338) (2 Of 2)
        • Ambient Lighting Switch Connector End View (C3350)
        • Ambient Lighting Module Connector End View (C3351)
        • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Connector End View (C3355)
        • Outer Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4009)
        • Inner Left Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4010)
        • Outer Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4011)
        • Inner Right Parking Aid Sensor Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Right Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4032)
        • Left Rear Park Lamp / Stop Lamp / Turn Lamp Connector End View (C4035)
        • Liftgate Glass Release Switch Connector End View (C4039)
        • Rear View Camera Connector End View (C4234)
        • Active Torque Control Coupling Solenoid Connector End View (C4347)
        • Left Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9006)
        • Right Safety Canopy Connector End View (C9007)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9012)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9030)
        • Auto-Dimming Interior Mirror Connector End View (C9039)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Body Control Modules
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Electronic Power Steering
      • Engine Performance
        • 2.5L
        • 3.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Navigation
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Engine Mechanical [2.5L]
      • Engine - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Engine Identification
        • Engine Code Information Label
        • Engine Cylinder identification
          • Exhaust Emission Control system
        • Induction System
        • PCV System
        • Lubrication System
      • Balance Shaft Backlash - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive - 2.5L
        • Accessory Drive
        • Accessory Drive Belt Routing
        • Belt Tensioner
      • Front End Accessory Drive (FEAD) Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive Belt Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive Belt TENSIONER Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive Belt Idler Pulley Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal/Installation
      • Intake Manifold Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Valve Cover Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Train Components Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Camshafts Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Camshaft Phaser And Sprocket Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Tappets Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • VALVE SPRING REMOVAL/INSTALLATION - 2.5L Removal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Seals Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Lower End Components Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Crankshaft Pulley Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Front Oil Seal Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • FLEXPLATE Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Flywheel Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Rear Seal Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Front Cover Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Timing Drive Components Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Mount Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Cylinder Head Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Removal - Manual Transaxle - 2.5L
      • Engine Installation - Manual Transaxle - 2.5L
      • Engine Removal - Automatic Transaxle - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
      • Engine Installation - Automatic Transaxle - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Installation
      • Lower Engine Block Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Front Engine Block Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Engine Disassembly - 2.5L
        • Disassembly
      • Engine Assembly - 2.5L
        • Assembly
      • Cylinder Head Disassembly/Assembly - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Piston Disassembly/Assembly - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission System [Except Hybrid]
      • Engine Emission Control
        • Notes
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System - 2.5L
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System - 3.0L
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) System
      • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) Valve Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System Exploded View - 3.0L
      • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) Valve Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Exhaust Manifold To Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) Valve Tube Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Crankcase Vent Oil Separator Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) Valve Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Evaporative Emission Canister Removal/Installation
      • Evaporative Emissions Canister Purge Valve Removal/Installation
      • Evaporative Emissions Canister Vent Solenoid Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Vapor Tube Assembly Removal/Installation
  • Cooling Fan
    • Engine Cooling System [Except Hybrid]
      • Engine Cooling Description And Operation
        • Notes
        • Coolant Flow Diagram - 2.5L
        • Coolant Flow Diagram - 3.0L
      • Component Test - Cooling System Pressure Test
      • Component Test - Thermostat
        • Thermostat
        • Thermostat Visual Inspection
      • Component Test - Radiator Leak Test, Removed From Vehicle
      • Cooling System Draining, Filling And Bleeding
        • Draining
        • Filling and Bleeding With RADIATOR REFILLER
        • Filling and Bleeding Without RADIATOR REFILLER
      • Cooling System Flushing
      • Block Heater Removal/Installation
      • Thermostat Housing Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Thermostat Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Bypass Tube Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Coolant Pump Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Coolant Pump Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Coolant Pump Housing Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Coolant Hoses
        • Coolant Pump Housing
      • Coolant Inlet Pipe Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Cooling Fan Motor And Shroud Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Radiator Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Radiator Hoses
        • Radiator
      • Radiator Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Radiator Hoses
        • Radiator
      • Degas Bottle Removal/Installation
      • Cylinder Block - Core Plug Replacement
        • Notes
        • Cup-Type
        • Expansion-Type
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Engine Cooling System [Except Hybrid]
      • Engine Cooling Description And Operation
        • Notes
        • Coolant Flow Diagram - 2.5L
        • Coolant Flow Diagram - 3.0L
      • Component Test - Cooling System Pressure Test
      • Component Test - Thermostat
        • Thermostat
        • Thermostat Visual Inspection
      • Component Test - Radiator Leak Test, Removed From Vehicle
      • Cooling System Draining, Filling And Bleeding
        • Draining
        • Filling and Bleeding With RADIATOR REFILLER
        • Filling and Bleeding Without RADIATOR REFILLER
      • Cooling System Flushing
      • Block Heater Removal/Installation
      • Thermostat Housing Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Thermostat Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Bypass Tube Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Coolant Pump Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Coolant Pump Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Coolant Pump Housing Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Coolant Hoses
        • Coolant Pump Housing
      • Coolant Inlet Pipe Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Cooling Fan Motor And Shroud Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Radiator Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Radiator Hoses
        • Radiator
      • Radiator Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Radiator Hoses
        • Radiator
      • Degas Bottle Removal/Installation
      • Cylinder Block - Core Plug Replacement
        • Notes
        • Cup-Type
        • Expansion-Type
  • Exhaust
    • Exhaust System [2.5L]
      • Exhaust System - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Catalytic Converter
        • Precautions
        • Sound Insulators and Shields
      • Muffler Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Resonator Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Catalytic Converter Underbody Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exhaust Intermediate Pipe Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exhaust Manifold Cleaning And Inspection - 2.5L
    • General Procedures [Powertrain Mount/Exhaust System Alignment - Except Hybrid]
      • Powertrain/Drivetrain Mount Neutralizing
      • Exhaust System Alignment
  • Fuel System [Except Hybrid]
    • Fuel System
      • Sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection (SFI) - 2.5L
      • Throttle Body - 2.5L
      • Fuel Injectors - 2.5L
      • Fuel Rail - 2.5L
      • Fuel Pump (FP) Control Module - 2.5L
      • Sequential Multi-Port Injection - 3.0L
      • Throttle Body (TB) - 3.0L
      • Fuel Injectors - 3.0L
      • Fuel Rail - 3.0L
      • Fuel Pump (FP) Control Module - 3.0L
    • Fuel System Pressure Release
    • Fuel System Pressure Test
      • 2.5L and 3.0L
    • Quick Release Coupling - Double Locking
      • Disconnect - Type I
      • Connect - Type I
      • Disconnect - Type II
      • Connect - Type II
      • Disconnect - Type III
      • Connect - Type III
      • Disconnect - Type IV
      • Connect - Type IV
      • Disconnect - Type V
      • Connect - Type V
    • Fuel Tank Draining
    • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (Ifs) Switch Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Lines - Exploded View
    • Fuel Lines Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Filter Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Tank And Fuel Filler Pipe - Exploded View
      • Fuel Tank Filler Pipe Assembly
      • Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump (FP) Module
      • Fuel Tank Supports
    • Fuel Tank Filler Pipe Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Tank Removal/Installation
      • Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Pump Module Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Rail And Fuel Injector Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Fuel Rail
    • Fuel Rail Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Fuel Rail And Fuel Injector Exploded View - 3.0L
    • Fuel Rail Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Spring Lock Couplings Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Disconnect
      • Connect
  • Engine Mechanical [Lubrication System 2.5L]
    • Engine Lubrication Components Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Oil Filter Adapter, Spin-On Oil Filter and Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) Switch
      • Oil Pan, Oil Pump Screen and Pickup Tube, Front Wheel Drive (FWD) Vehicles
      • Oil Pan, Oil Pump Screen and Pickup Tube, All Wheel Drive (AWD) Vehicles
      • Oil Pan, Oil Pump Screen and Pickup Tube
    • Oil Filter Adapter Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) Switch Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Oil Pan Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Oil Pump Screen And Pickup Tube Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Oil Pump Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Removal
      • Installation
  • Mechanical
    • Engine Mechanical [2.5L]
      • Engine - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Engine Identification
        • Engine Code Information Label
        • Engine Cylinder identification
          • Exhaust Emission Control system
        • Induction System
        • PCV System
        • Lubrication System
      • Balance Shaft Backlash - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive - 2.5L
        • Accessory Drive
        • Accessory Drive Belt Routing
        • Belt Tensioner
      • Front End Accessory Drive (FEAD) Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive Belt Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive Belt TENSIONER Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Accessory Drive Belt Idler Pulley Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal/Installation
      • Intake Manifold Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Valve Cover Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Train Components Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Camshafts Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Camshaft Phaser And Sprocket Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Tappets Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • VALVE SPRING REMOVAL/INSTALLATION - 2.5L Removal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Seals Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Lower End Components Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Crankshaft Pulley Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Front Oil Seal Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • FLEXPLATE Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Flywheel Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Rear Seal Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Front Cover Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Timing Drive Components Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Mount Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Cylinder Head Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Removal - Manual Transaxle - 2.5L
      • Engine Installation - Manual Transaxle - 2.5L
      • Engine Removal - Automatic Transaxle - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
      • Engine Installation - Automatic Transaxle - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Installation
      • Lower Engine Block Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Front Engine Block Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Engine Disassembly - 2.5L
        • Disassembly
      • Engine Assembly - 2.5L
        • Assembly
      • Cylinder Head Disassembly/Assembly - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Piston Disassembly/Assembly - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
    • Engine Mechanical [General - Engine Overhaul]
      • Sprocket Inspection - 3.0L (4V)
      • Valve Spring - Free Length
      • Valve Spring Strength
      • Valve Spring Squareness
      • Valve Inspection
      • Valve Stem Diameter
      • Valve Guide Inner Diameter
      • Valve Seat Inspection
        • Valve and Seat Refacing Measurements
      • Valve Seat RUNOUT
      • Valve Spring Installed Length
      • Valve Seat Width
      • Valve Clearance Check - 2.5L
      • Valve Step To Valve Guide Clearance
      • Camshaft Surface Inspection
      • Camshaft Lobe Lift
      • Camshaft Journal Diameter
      • Camshaft RUNOUT
      • Camshaft Journal To Bearing Clearance - 3.0L
      • Camshaft End Play - 3.0L
      • Roller Follower Inspection - 3.0L
      • Hydraulic Lash Adjuster Inspection - 3.0L
      • Valve Tappet Inspection - 2.5L
      • Cylinder Head Distortion Check
      • Cylinder Block Distortion Check
      • Crankshaft End Play
      • Flywheel Inspection
      • FLEXPLATE Inspection
      • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal Diameter
      • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal Taper And Out-Of-Round
      • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal-To-Bearing Clearance
      • Connecting Rod Bearing Journal Taper And Out-Of-Round
      • Connecting Rod-To-Piston Clearance
      • Cylinder Bore Tape
      • Cylinder Bore Out-Of-Round
      • Piston Inspection
      • Piston Pin Bore Diameter
      • Piston Diameter
      • Piston-To-Cylinder Bore Clearance
      • Piston Selection
      • Piston Ring End Gap
      • Piston Ring-To-Groove Clearance
      • Piston Pin Diameter
      • Connecting Rod Cleaning
      • Connecting Rod Large End Bore
      • Connecting Rod Bushing Diameter
      • Connecting Rod Bend
      • Connecting Rod Twist
      • Connecting Rod Bearing Journal-To-Bearing Clearance
      • Connecting Rod To Crankshaft Side Clearance
      • Cylinder Bore Cleaning
      • Bearing Inspection
      • Exhaust Manifold Cleaning/Inspection
    • Engine Mechanical [Intake-Air System 2.5L]
      • Intake Air Distribution And Filtering - 2.5L
      • Intake Manifold Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Intake Manifold (View 1 of 2)
        • Intake Manifold (View 2 of 2)
      • Intake Air System Exploded View - 2.5L
      • Air Cleaner Intake Pipe Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Air Cleaner Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Intake Air Resonator Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Throttle Body Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Accelerator Pedal Removal/Installation - 2.51
    • General Procedures [Powertrain Mount/Exhaust System Alignment - Except Hybrid]
      • Powertrain/Drivetrain Mount Neutralizing
      • Exhaust System Alignment
    • Service Tools [Engine Mechanical]
      • Service Tools
    • Technical Data [Engine Mechanical)
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • 2.5L Engine
        • 3.0L Engine
      • Specifications - Hybrid
        • General Specifications
        • Traction Battery Specifications
        • High-Voltage Converter/Inverter
        • Hybrid Engine
  • Starter
    • Starting System
      • Starting System
        • Notes
        • One-Touch Integrated Start (OTIS)
      • Component Test - Starter
        • Notes
        • Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit
        • Starter Motor - Ground Circuit
      • Starter Motor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Starter Motor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
• Engine Performance
  • Emissions
    • EGR Function Testing - MAZDA
      • EGR Function Testing - MAZDA
        • Test 1
          • Piston Engines (W/Single Or Dual EGR Valves)
          • Modulator Valve
          • Vacuum Amplifier
        • Test 2
          • Rotary Engine
          • EGR Solenoid Valve
        • Test 3
          • MX-3 DOHC, MX-6 2.5L, 626 2.5L & 929
          • MX-6 2.0L & 626 2.0L
          • RX7
        • Test 4
          • System Check
          • EGR Valve
        • Test 5
    • Emission Applications
      • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Engine Control Systems
    • PID/Data Monitor Reference Values
      • Notes
      • Typical Diagnostic Reference Values (2.5L)
      • Typical Diagnostic Reference Values (3.0L)
    • Electronic Engine Controls
    • Pcm Programming - Ids
      • Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is Available
      • Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is NOT Available
    • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Notes
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Notes
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
    • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
    • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
    • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Notes
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Notes
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Notes
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
    • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) And Catalyst Monitor Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) And Catalyst Monitor Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
    • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) And Catalyst Monitor Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Removal/Installation
    • Knock Sensor (KS) Removal/Installation
    • Knock Sensor (KS) Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Cylinder Head-Mounted Knock Sensor (KS)
      • Engine Block-Mounted Knock Sensor (KS)
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Oil Control Solenoid - 2.5L Removal/Installation
    • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Oil Control Solenoid - 3.0L Removal/Installation
    • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
    • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Fuel System [Except Hybrid]
      • Fuel System
        • Sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection (SFI) - 2.5L
        • Throttle Body - 2.5L
        • Fuel Injectors - 2.5L
        • Fuel Rail - 2.5L
        • Fuel Pump (FP) Control Module - 2.5L
        • Sequential Multi-Port Injection - 3.0L
        • Throttle Body (TB) - 3.0L
        • Fuel Injectors - 3.0L
        • Fuel Rail - 3.0L
        • Fuel Pump (FP) Control Module - 3.0L
      • Fuel System Pressure Release
      • Fuel System Pressure Test
        • 2.5L and 3.0L
      • Quick Release Coupling - Double Locking
        • Disconnect - Type I
        • Connect - Type I
        • Disconnect - Type II
        • Connect - Type II
        • Disconnect - Type III
        • Connect - Type III
        • Disconnect - Type IV
        • Connect - Type IV
        • Disconnect - Type V
        • Connect - Type V
      • Fuel Tank Draining
      • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (Ifs) Switch Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Lines - Exploded View
      • Fuel Lines Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Filter Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Tank And Fuel Filler Pipe - Exploded View
        • Fuel Tank Filler Pipe Assembly
        • Fuel Tank and Fuel Pump (FP) Module
        • Fuel Tank Supports
      • Fuel Tank Filler Pipe Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Tank Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Pump Module Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Rail And Fuel Injector Exploded View - 2.5L
        • Fuel Rail
      • Fuel Rail Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Fuel Rail And Fuel Injector Exploded View - 3.0L
      • Fuel Rail Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Spring Lock Couplings Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Disconnect
        • Connect
  • Ignition System
    • Engine Ignition
    • Spark Plug Inspection
    • Engine Ignition Components - Exploded View
      • Notes
      • Engine Ignition - RH
      • Engine Ignition - LH
    • Ignition Coil-On-Plug Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Ignition Coil-On-Plug Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Removal and Installation
    • Spark Plugs Removal/Installation - 2.5L
    • Spark Plugs Removal/Installation - 3.0L
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Control System
      • PID/Data Monitor Reference Values
        • Notes
        • Typical Diagnostic Reference Values (2.5L)
        • Typical Diagnostic Reference Values (3.0L)
      • Electronic Engine Controls
      • Pcm Programming - Ids
        • Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is Available
        • Programmable Module Installation (PMI) Using the Integrated Diagnostic System (IDS) When the Original Module is NOT Available
      • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) And Catalyst Monitor Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) And Catalyst Monitor Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) And Catalyst Monitor Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
        • Removal/Installation
      • Knock Sensor (KS) Removal/Installation
      • Knock Sensor (KS) Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Cylinder Head-Mounted Knock Sensor (KS)
        • Engine Block-Mounted Knock Sensor (KS)
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Oil Control Solenoid - 2.5L Removal/Installation
      • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Oil Control Solenoid - 3.0L Removal/Installation
      • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
  • Specifications
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • Rotary Engine
        • 6 Cylinder Engine
        • V6 Engine
          • 2.3L, 2.5L (VIN D & 1), 3.0L (VIN 2 & 3) V6 Engines
          • All Others (Including Tribute) Except 2.3L, 2.5L (VIN D & 1), 3.0L (VIN 2 & 3)
  • System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (1 Of 5)
      • Foreword
      • Engine OBD II Monitors
        • OBD II Overview
          • Notes
          • OBD II Systems
        • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor
        • General Catalyst Monitor Operation
          • Vehicles with Universal HO2S
          • Vehicles with HO2S
        • Cold Start Emission Reduction Monitor
          • Overview
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction Component Monitor
          • Engine Speed And Spark Timing Monitor
          • Cold Start Engine Speed Monitor Operation
          • Engine Speed Monitor Entry Conditions
          • Cold Start Spark Timing Monitor Operation
          • Spark Timing Monitor Entry Conditions
          • Cold Start Variable Cam Timing (VCT) Monitor
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction System Monitor
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction System Monitor Test Operation
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction System Monitor Entry Conditions
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor (CCM)
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EEGR) System Monitor
        • Enhanced Thermostat Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Leak Check Monitor
        • Engine On EVAP Leak Check Monitor
        • Engine Off Natural Vacuum (EONV) EVAP Leak Check Monitor
        • Fuel System Monitor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Monitor
        • Misfire Detection Monitor
          • Notes
          • Misfire Monitor Operation
          • Low Data Rate System (LDR)
          • High Data Rate System (HDR)
          • Generic Misfire Processing
          • Rough Road Detection
          • Profile Correction
          • Neutral Profile Correction and Non-Volatile Memory
          • Misfire Monitor Specifications
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System Monitor
        • Thermostat Monitor
        • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Monitor
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
        • Powertrain Control Software
          • Notes
          • Failure-Type Byte
          • Status Byte
          • DTC status Bit Definitions
      • Engine Control (EC) System↓
        • Overview
          • Notes
          • Modifications to OBD If Vehicles
        • Powertrain Control Hardware
          • Pcm
          • PCM Location
          • Fuel Pump Control Module
          • Fuel Pump Driver Module (FPDM)
          • Keep Alive Memory (KAM)
          • Hardware Limited Operation Strategy (HLOS)
        • Power and Ground Signals
          • Electronic Throttle Control Reference Voltage (ETCREF)
          • Electronic Throttle Control Return (ETCRTN)
          • Gold Plated Pins
          • Keep Alive Power (KAPWR)
          • Mass Air Flow Return (MAF RTN)
          • Power Ground (PWR GND)
          • Signal Return (SIG RTN)
          • Vehicle Buffered Power (VBPWR)
          • Vehicle Power (VPWR)
          • Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
        • Powertrain Control Software
          • Communications
          • Adaptive Airflow
          • Check Fuel Cap Indicator
          • Computer Controlled Shutdown
          • Deceleration Fuel Shut-Off (DFSO)
          • Engine RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter
          • Fail-Safe Cooling Strategy
          • Failure Mode Effects Management
          • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)
          • Fuel Level Input (FLI)
          • Fuel Trim
            • Short Term Fuel Trim
            • Long Term Fuel Trim
            • High Speed Controller Area Network (CAN)
            • Idle Air Trim
            • Idle Air Trim Learning Modes
            • ISO 14229 DTC
            • DTC Structure
            • Failure-Type Byte
            • Status Byte
            • DTC Status Bit Definitions
            • Multiplexing
            • Multiplexing Implementation
            • Permanent DTC
        • Catalyst and Exhaust Systems
          • Overview
          • Catalytic Converter
          • Light Off Catalyst
          • Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) Conversion Efficiency
          • Exhaust System
          • Underbody Catalyst
          • Three-Way Catalytic (TWC) Converter
          • Exhaust Manifold Runners
          • Exhaust Pipes
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
          • Muffler
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Systems
          • Overview
          • Enhanced Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Systems
          • Overview
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EEGR) System
          • Highlights of the EEGR System
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EEGR) System Overview
        • Fuel Systems
          • Overview
          • Mechanical Returnless Fuel System (MRFS) - Dual Speed
          • Fuel Pump Control - Dual Speed MRFS
          • Fuel Pump Duty Cycle Output From PCM
          • Fuel Pump Monitor (FPM) - Dual Speed MRFS
          • Fuel Pump Driver Module Duty Cycle Signals
          • Fuel Filters
          • Pressure Test Point
        • Ignition Systems
          • Overview
          • Integrated Electronic Ignition System
          • Engine Crank/Engine Running
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Failure Mode Effects Management (FMEM)
        • Intake Air Systems
          • Overview
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
          • Overview
        • Torque-Based Electronic Throttle Control (ETC)
          • Overview
          • Electronic Throttle Body (ETB)
          • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor
          • Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) System Strategy
          • ETC System With A 3-Track APP Sensor Failure Mode And Effects Management
          • ETC System With A 2-Track APP Sensor Failure Mode And Effects Management
          • Electronic Throttle Monitor Operation
          • APP and TP Sensor Inputs
            • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor Check
            • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor Check
            • Electronic Throttle Actuator Control (TAC) Output
        • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) System
          • Overview
          • VCT System
        • Diagnostic Tools
          • Notes
          • Scan Tool Setup and Functionality
        • Diagnostic Methods
          • Overview
        • Vehicle Check/Preparation
          • Visual Checks
          • Vehicle Preparation
        • Quick Test Description
          • Quick Test
          • Key On Engine Off (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Key On Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Test
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
        • Clear the Continuous DTCs and Reset the Emission Monitors Information in the PCM
          • Description
        • Resetting The Keep Alive Memory (KAM)
          • Description
        • On-Board System Readiness (OSR)
          • Description
        • Output State Control (OSC)
          • Description
          • One Touch Integrated Start System
        • Output Test Mode (OTM)
          • Description
        • Parameter Identification (PID)
          • Description
          • Generic OBD PID List
          • Mazda PID List
        • Freeze Frame Data
          • Description
          • Misfire Freeze-Frame PIDs
        • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)
          • Description
          • Neutral Profile Correction
          • Programming the VID Block for a Replacement PCM
          • Making Changes to the VID Block
          • Making Changes to the PCM Calibration
          • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results - Mode 6
        • Intermittent Diagnostic Techniques
          • Notes
          • Re-Creating The Fault
          • Conditions To Recreate Fault
          • Accumulating PCM Data
          • Peripheral Inputs
          • Comparing PCM Data
          • Analyzing PCM Data
        • Adaptive Fuel DTC Diagnostic Techniques
          • Notes
          • DTCs P0171/P0174 System Too Lean Diagnostic Aids
          • DTCs P0172/P0175 System Too Rich Diagnostic Aids
      • Quick Test
        • Quick Test Description
          • Notes
          • Key On Engine Off (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Key On Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Test
          • Transmission Control Switch (TCS) Test
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • System Pass
        • On-Board Diagnostic Test
          • DTCs Reading Procedure
        • Pending Trouble Code Access Procedure
        • Freeze Frame PID Data Access Procedure
        • On-Board System Readiness Tests Access Procedure
        • PID/DATA Monitor and Record Procedure
        • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results Access Procedure
        • After Repair Procedure
      • On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
        • Description
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (2 Of 5)
      • DTC Chart - B, C And U Codes
      • DTC Index - Pcm
      • DTC Application Chart
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (3 Of 5)
      • Pcm Quick Test
      • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
      • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
      • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor
      • Intake Air System Malfunction
      • Throttle Body Assembly Electronic Throttle Control (Etc)
      • Electronic Throttle Control (Etc) System
      • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor
      • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • Adaptive Fuel Control
      • Fuel Injector Malfunction
      • Fuel Pump (FP) Primary Or Secondary Circuit
      • Misfire Detection Monitor
      • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Malfunction
      • Knock Sensor Malfunction
      • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Malfunction
      • Ignition Coil Primary Circuit Malfunction
      • Integrated Ignition Coil On Plug Coil A Through F Failure
      • EGR System Malfunction
      • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor Malfunction
      • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor And System Malfunction
      • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Solenoid Malfunction
      • DTC P0451: EVAP System Malfunction
      • DTC P0452: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0457: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Malfunction
      • DTC P0455: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Malfunction
      • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Malfunction
      • Pcm Power Relay
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Malfunction
      • Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch Malfunction
      • OBD II Drive Cycle Malfunction
      • Data Link Connector (DLC) Malfunction
      • DTC P1260: Passive Anti-Theft System
      • Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter Reached
      • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor And System
      • Canister Vent (CV) Solenoid Malfunction
      • Air Conditioning Clutch (A/Cc) Relay Circuit
        • Notes
        • PCM Connector
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (4 Of 5)
      • Cooling Fan Malfunction
      • Diagnostic Index
      • Starting Concerns
      • Hard Start / Long Crank / Erratic Start / Erratic Crank
      • Cranks Normal But Will Not Start
      • Unique Idle Concern
      • Fast Idle
      • Low Idle / Stalls During Deceleration
      • Engine Poor DRIVEABILITY
      • Backfires
      • Lack / Loss Of Power
      • Knocking / Pinging
      • Poor Fuel Economy
      • Emission Compliance
      • Mil/TCIL Never On And Mil/TCIL Always On
      • Exhaust System Concerns
      • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
      • Engine Noise
      • Exhaust Sulfur Smell
      • All Supported On Board System Readiness Tests Not Completed
      • Engine
        • Inspection/Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Engine Oil Leaks
          • Fluorescent Oil Additive Method
        • Compression Test
          • General Remarks
          • Check The Compression Pressure
          • Interpretation of the Results
        • Excessive Engine Oil Consumption
        • Oil Consumption Test
        • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test
          • Notes
          • Interpreting Vacuum Gauge Readings
      • Evaporative Emission System
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Capless Fuel Filler Pipe
          • Fuel Vapor Recirculation Tube
          • Fuel Vapor Control Valve
          • Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor
          • Evaporative Canister Purge (EVAPCP) Valve
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Check Valve
          • Dust Separator
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve (FVV) Assembly
          • Fuel Filler Pipe Check Valve
          • Evaporative Emission System Monitor
          • EVAP Running Loss System Leak Test
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Evaporative Emission System Leak Test
        • Phase 1 - Leak Verification
        • Phase 2 - System Leak Check
      • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Drive Cycle Preparation
      • Accelerator Pedal Position (App) Sensor
      • Transmission Control Switch (TCS)/Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL)
      • Charging System
        • Notes
        • Generator
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • PCM DTC Chart
      • Battery And Cables
        • Notes
        • Principles Of Operation
          • Battery Eye Operation
          • Charging a Battery
          • Inspection and Verification
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Battery Condition Test
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Component Tests - Battery Drain Tests
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Drive Belts
      • Engine Cooling - Principles Of Operation
      • Engine Cooling - Inspection/Verification
      • Engine Cooling - Pcm DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Cooling System
      • Connector End Views - Engine Cooling
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Loss Of Coolant
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Engine Overheats
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Engine Does Not Reach Normal Operating Temperature
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (5 Of 5)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fueling
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Hissing Sound When Inserting Fuel Nozzle
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Excessive Fuel Odor
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Unable To Refuel (ORVR)
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Slow To Fill
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Charging System
      • Connector End Views - Charging System
      • Pinpoint Test 1: System Voltage High
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: System Voltage Low Or Battery Is Discharged
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC P0620
        • Normal Operation
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 4: DTCs P0625 AND P0626
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC P065B
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Generator Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Radio Interference
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Starting System - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Starting System - Anti-Theft Intervention
      • Starting System - Inspection/Verification
      • Starting System DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Starting System
      • Connector End Views - Starting System
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Engine Does Not Crank
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One-Touch Integrated Start (OTIS) Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Unusual Starter Noise
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests - Starter Motor Relay
        • Notes
        • Starter Motor Relay
        • Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit
        • Starter Motor - Ground Circuit
      • Speed Control
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Speed Control DTC Charts
          • PCM DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Speed Control
      • Connector End Views - Speed Control
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Speed Control Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC P1572 Or DTC P1703 - Brake Switch Circuit Failure
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Speed Control Switches Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Clutch Is Applied
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Keep Alive Power (KAPWR)
      • Unable To Activate Self-Test/Network Communication Error
      • General Test Index
      • Test 1: Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
      • Test 2: Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)
      • Test 3: Intermittent
      • Test 4: Fuel Delivery System
      • Test 5: Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
      • Test 6: No Start
      • Test 7: Ignition Scope Test
        • Notes
        • 2.5L
        • 3.0L
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (1 Of 5)
      • Foreword
      • Engine OBD II Monitors
        • OBD II Overview
          • Notes
          • OBD II Systems
        • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor
        • General Catalyst Monitor Operation
          • Vehicles with Universal HO2S
          • Vehicles with HO2S
        • Cold Start Emission Reduction Monitor
          • Overview
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction Component Monitor
          • Engine Speed And Spark Timing Monitor
          • Cold Start Engine Speed Monitor Operation
          • Engine Speed Monitor Entry Conditions
          • Cold Start Spark Timing Monitor Operation
          • Spark Timing Monitor Entry Conditions
          • Cold Start Variable Cam Timing (VCT) Monitor
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction System Monitor
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction System Monitor Test Operation
          • Cold Start Emission Reduction System Monitor Entry Conditions
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor (CCM)
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EEGR) System Monitor
        • Enhanced Thermostat Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Leak Check Monitor
        • Engine On EVAP Leak Check Monitor
        • Engine Off Natural Vacuum (EONV) EVAP Leak Check Monitor
        • Fuel System Monitor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Monitor
        • Misfire Detection Monitor
          • Notes
          • Misfire Monitor Operation
          • Low Data Rate System (LDR)
          • High Data Rate System (HDR)
          • Generic Misfire Processing
          • Rough Road Detection
          • Profile Correction
          • Neutral Profile Correction and Non-Volatile Memory
          • Misfire Monitor Specifications
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System Monitor
        • Thermostat Monitor
        • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Monitor
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
        • Powertrain Control Software
          • Notes
          • Failure-Type Byte
          • Status Byte
          • DTC status Bit Definitions
      • Engine Control (EC) System↓
        • Overview
          • Notes
          • Modifications to OBD If Vehicles
        • Powertrain Control Hardware
          • Pcm
          • PCM Location
          • Fuel Pump Control Module
          • Fuel Pump Driver Module (FPDM)
          • Keep Alive Memory (KAM)
          • Hardware Limited Operation Strategy (HLOS)
        • Power and Ground Signals
          • Electronic Throttle Control Reference Voltage (ETCREF)
          • Electronic Throttle Control Return (ETCRTN)
          • Gold Plated Pins
          • Keep Alive Power (KAPWR)
          • Mass Air Flow Return (MAF RTN)
          • Power Ground (PWR GND)
          • Signal Return (SIG RTN)
          • Vehicle Buffered Power (VBPWR)
          • Vehicle Power (VPWR)
          • Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
        • Powertrain Control Software
          • Communications
          • Adaptive Airflow
          • Check Fuel Cap Indicator
          • Computer Controlled Shutdown
          • Deceleration Fuel Shut-Off (DFSO)
          • Engine RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter
          • Fail-Safe Cooling Strategy
          • Failure Mode Effects Management
          • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)
          • Fuel Level Input (FLI)
          • Fuel Trim
            • Short Term Fuel Trim
            • Long Term Fuel Trim
            • High Speed Controller Area Network (CAN)
            • Idle Air Trim
            • Idle Air Trim Learning Modes
            • ISO 14229 DTC
            • DTC Structure
            • Failure-Type Byte
            • Status Byte
            • DTC Status Bit Definitions
            • Multiplexing
            • Multiplexing Implementation
            • Permanent DTC
        • Catalyst and Exhaust Systems
          • Overview
          • Catalytic Converter
          • Light Off Catalyst
          • Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) Conversion Efficiency
          • Exhaust System
          • Underbody Catalyst
          • Three-Way Catalytic (TWC) Converter
          • Exhaust Manifold Runners
          • Exhaust Pipes
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
          • Muffler
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Systems
          • Overview
          • Enhanced Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Systems
          • Overview
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EEGR) System
          • Highlights of the EEGR System
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EEGR) System Overview
        • Fuel Systems
          • Overview
          • Mechanical Returnless Fuel System (MRFS) - Dual Speed
          • Fuel Pump Control - Dual Speed MRFS
          • Fuel Pump Duty Cycle Output From PCM
          • Fuel Pump Monitor (FPM) - Dual Speed MRFS
          • Fuel Pump Driver Module Duty Cycle Signals
          • Fuel Filters
          • Pressure Test Point
        • Ignition Systems
          • Overview
          • Integrated Electronic Ignition System
          • Engine Crank/Engine Running
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Failure Mode Effects Management (FMEM)
        • Intake Air Systems
          • Overview
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
          • Overview
        • Torque-Based Electronic Throttle Control (ETC)
          • Overview
          • Electronic Throttle Body (ETB)
          • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor
          • Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) System Strategy
          • ETC System With A 3-Track APP Sensor Failure Mode And Effects Management
          • ETC System With A 2-Track APP Sensor Failure Mode And Effects Management
          • Electronic Throttle Monitor Operation
          • APP and TP Sensor Inputs
            • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor Check
            • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor Check
            • Electronic Throttle Actuator Control (TAC) Output
        • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) System
          • Overview
          • VCT System
        • Diagnostic Tools
          • Notes
          • Scan Tool Setup and Functionality
        • Diagnostic Methods
          • Overview
        • Vehicle Check/Preparation
          • Visual Checks
          • Vehicle Preparation
        • Quick Test Description
          • Quick Test
          • Key On Engine Off (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Key On Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Test
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
        • Clear the Continuous DTCs and Reset the Emission Monitors Information in the PCM
          • Description
        • Resetting The Keep Alive Memory (KAM)
          • Description
        • On-Board System Readiness (OSR)
          • Description
        • Output State Control (OSC)
          • Description
          • One Touch Integrated Start System
        • Output Test Mode (OTM)
          • Description
        • Parameter Identification (PID)
          • Description
          • Generic OBD PID List
          • Mazda PID List
        • Freeze Frame Data
          • Description
          • Misfire Freeze-Frame PIDs
        • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)
          • Description
          • Neutral Profile Correction
          • Programming the VID Block for a Replacement PCM
          • Making Changes to the VID Block
          • Making Changes to the PCM Calibration
          • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results - Mode 6
        • Intermittent Diagnostic Techniques
          • Notes
          • Re-Creating The Fault
          • Conditions To Recreate Fault
          • Accumulating PCM Data
          • Peripheral Inputs
          • Comparing PCM Data
          • Analyzing PCM Data
        • Adaptive Fuel DTC Diagnostic Techniques
          • Notes
          • DTCs P0171/P0174 System Too Lean Diagnostic Aids
          • DTCs P0172/P0175 System Too Rich Diagnostic Aids
      • Quick Test
        • Quick Test Description
          • Notes
          • Key On Engine Off (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Key On Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Test
          • Transmission Control Switch (TCS) Test
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • System Pass
        • On-Board Diagnostic Test
          • DTCs Reading Procedure
        • Pending Trouble Code Access Procedure
        • Freeze Frame PID Data Access Procedure
        • On-Board System Readiness Tests Access Procedure
        • PID/DATA Monitor and Record Procedure
        • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results Access Procedure
        • After Repair Procedure
      • On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
        • Description
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (2 Of 5)
      • DTC Chart - B, C And U Codes
      • DTC Index - Pcm
      • DTC Application Chart
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (3 Of 5)
      • Pcm Quick Test
      • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
      • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
      • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor
      • Intake Air System Malfunction
      • Throttle Body Assembly Electronic Throttle Control (Etc)
      • Electronic Throttle Control (Etc) System
      • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor
      • Universal Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • Adaptive Fuel Control
      • Fuel Injector Malfunction
      • Fuel Pump (FP) Primary Or Secondary Circuit
      • Misfire Detection Monitor
      • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Malfunction
      • Knock Sensor Malfunction
      • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Malfunction
      • Ignition Coil Primary Circuit Malfunction
      • Integrated Ignition Coil On Plug Coil A Through F Failure
      • EGR System Malfunction
      • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor Malfunction
      • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor And System Malfunction
      • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Solenoid Malfunction
      • DTC P0451: EVAP System Malfunction
      • DTC P0452: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0457: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Malfunction
      • DTC P0455: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Malfunction
      • Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) Malfunction
      • Pcm Power Relay
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Malfunction
      • Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch Malfunction
      • OBD II Drive Cycle Malfunction
      • Data Link Connector (DLC) Malfunction
      • DTC P1260: Passive Anti-Theft System
      • Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter Reached
      • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor And System
      • Canister Vent (CV) Solenoid Malfunction
      • Air Conditioning Clutch (A/Cc) Relay Circuit
        • Notes
        • PCM Connector
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (4 Of 5)
      • Cooling Fan Malfunction
      • Diagnostic Index
      • Starting Concerns
      • Hard Start / Long Crank / Erratic Start / Erratic Crank
      • Cranks Normal But Will Not Start
      • Unique Idle Concern
      • Fast Idle
      • Low Idle / Stalls During Deceleration
      • Engine Poor DRIVEABILITY
      • Backfires
      • Lack / Loss Of Power
      • Knocking / Pinging
      • Poor Fuel Economy
      • Emission Compliance
      • Mil/TCIL Never On And Mil/TCIL Always On
      • Exhaust System Concerns
      • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
      • Engine Noise
      • Exhaust Sulfur Smell
      • All Supported On Board System Readiness Tests Not Completed
      • Engine
        • Inspection/Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Engine Oil Leaks
          • Fluorescent Oil Additive Method
        • Compression Test
          • General Remarks
          • Check The Compression Pressure
          • Interpretation of the Results
        • Excessive Engine Oil Consumption
        • Oil Consumption Test
        • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test
          • Notes
          • Interpreting Vacuum Gauge Readings
      • Evaporative Emission System
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Capless Fuel Filler Pipe
          • Fuel Vapor Recirculation Tube
          • Fuel Vapor Control Valve
          • Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor
          • Evaporative Canister Purge (EVAPCP) Valve
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Check Valve
          • Dust Separator
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve (FVV) Assembly
          • Fuel Filler Pipe Check Valve
          • Evaporative Emission System Monitor
          • EVAP Running Loss System Leak Test
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Evaporative Emission System Leak Test
        • Phase 1 - Leak Verification
        • Phase 2 - System Leak Check
      • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Drive Cycle Preparation
      • Accelerator Pedal Position (App) Sensor
      • Transmission Control Switch (TCS)/Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL)
      • Charging System
        • Notes
        • Generator
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • PCM DTC Chart
      • Battery And Cables
        • Notes
        • Principles Of Operation
          • Battery Eye Operation
          • Charging a Battery
          • Inspection and Verification
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Battery Condition Test
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Component Tests - Battery Drain Tests
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Drive Belts
      • Engine Cooling - Principles Of Operation
      • Engine Cooling - Inspection/Verification
      • Engine Cooling - Pcm DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Cooling System
      • Connector End Views - Engine Cooling
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Loss Of Coolant
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Engine Overheats
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Engine Does Not Reach Normal Operating Temperature
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Engine Except Hybrid] (5 Of 5)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fueling
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Hissing Sound When Inserting Fuel Nozzle
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Excessive Fuel Odor
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Unable To Refuel (ORVR)
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Slow To Fill
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Charging System
      • Connector End Views - Charging System
      • Pinpoint Test 1: System Voltage High
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: System Voltage Low Or Battery Is Discharged
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC P0620
        • Normal Operation
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 4: DTCs P0625 AND P0626
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC P065B
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: The Generator Is Noisy
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Radio Interference
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Starting System - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Starting System - Anti-Theft Intervention
      • Starting System - Inspection/Verification
      • Starting System DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Starting System
      • Connector End Views - Starting System
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Engine Does Not Crank
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: One-Touch Integrated Start (OTIS) Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Unusual Starter Noise
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests - Starter Motor Relay
        • Notes
        • Starter Motor Relay
        • Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit
        • Starter Motor - Ground Circuit
      • Speed Control
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Speed Control DTC Charts
          • PCM DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Speed Control
      • Connector End Views - Speed Control
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Speed Control Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC P1572 Or DTC P1703 - Brake Switch Circuit Failure
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: The Speed Control Switches Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Clutch Is Applied
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Keep Alive Power (KAPWR)
      • Unable To Activate Self-Test/Network Communication Error
      • General Test Index
      • Test 1: Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
      • Test 2: Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)
      • Test 3: Intermittent
      • Test 4: Fuel Delivery System
      • Test 5: Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
      • Test 6: No Start
      • Test 7: Ignition Scope Test
        • Notes
        • 2.5L
        • 3.0L
  • Tune-Up
    • Ignition System
      • Engine Ignition
      • Spark Plug Inspection
      • Engine Ignition Components - Exploded View
        • Notes
        • Engine Ignition - RH
        • Engine Ignition - LH
      • Ignition Coil-On-Plug Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Ignition Coil-On-Plug Removal/Installation - 3.0L
        • Removal and Installation
      • Spark Plugs Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Spark Plugs Removal/Installation - 3.0L
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • OBD-II Drive Cycles
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Drive Cycles
      • Notes
      • 1996: 626, MX-6
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • 1996: B2300, B3000, B4000
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • 1996: MILLENIA, MPV, MX-5 MIATA, Protege & 1997: 626 (2.0L M/T, 2.5L), MX-6 (2.0L M/T, 2.5L), MILLENIA, MPV, MX-5 MIATA, Protege & 1998: MILLENIA, MPV, Protege & 1999-2000: MILLENIA, MX-5 MIATA
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 1
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 2
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 3
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 4
      • 1997: 626 (2.0L A/T), MX-6 (2.0L A/T)
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
      • 1997: B2300, B4000
        • Preparation
        • Drive Mode
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Fuel Monitor, Oxygen Sensor Monitor or Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 1998: 626, B2500, B3000, B4000
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Vehicle Preparation For OBD-II Or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Fuel Monitor Or HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Secondary Air Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999-2000: 626
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Verification Drive Cycle
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999: B2500, B3000, B4000
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Preparation For Drive Cycles
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EVAP System Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999: Protege
        • OBDII Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • Mode 1 (PCM adaptive memory produce drive mode)
          • Mode 2 (EGR system repair verification drive mode)
          • Mode 3 HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC repair verification drive mode)
          • Mode 4 (EVAP system repair verification drive mode)
      • 2000: B2500, B3000, B4000
        • Description Of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
      • 2000: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Verification)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Verification)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Verification)
      • 2000: Protege
        • Notes
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Verification)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Verification)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Verification)
      • 2001-02: 626
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Standard Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: B2300, B2500, B3000, B4000, Tribute
        • Notes
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedures
      • 2001: MILLENIA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: MPV
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2001: MX-5 MIATA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: Protege
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-09: B2300, B3000, B4000 & 2002-06: Tribute
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
      • 2002: MILLENIA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1: PCM Adaptive Memory Procedure
        • Mode 2: EGR System Repair Verification
        • Mode 3: HO2S & TWC Repair Verification
        • Mode 4: EVAP System Repair Verification
      • 2002-03: MPV
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
        • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 6 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-03: MX-5 MIATA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
        • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-03: Protege, Protege5
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Drive Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory
        • Drive Mode 2 - EGR Monitor Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 3 - HO2S, HO2S Heater & TWC Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 5 - EVAP System Very Small Leak Repair Verification
      • 2003: MAZDA6
        • OBD-II Drive Modes
          • Notes
          • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
          • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
          • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
          • Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2004-06: MAZDA3 & 2006: MAZDA5 & 2007-09: MAZDA3 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • Mazda3: Except for California emission regulation applicable model & Mazda5
          • Mazda3: California emission regulation applicable model
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2004-05: MAZDA6
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3: 2004 (H02S Heater, H02S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode) (3.0L Cal: AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T) Only)
        • Mode 3: 2004 (H02S Heater, H02S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode) (2.3L & 3.0L Cal: Except For AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T)): 2005 All Engines
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, H02S Heater, H02S, TWC & EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (3.0L Cal: AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T) Only)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, H02S Heater, H02S, TWC & EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (2.3L & 3.0L Cal: Except For AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T))
      • 2004: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System Repair Verification, HO2S heater, HO2S TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2004: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (Pcm Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (Ho2S Heater, Ho2S, & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System Repair Verification, Ho2S Heater, Ho2S, TWC, & EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2004: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2005-06: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode) With rear HO2S model
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
        • H02S Heater, H02S, and EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode Without rear HO2S model
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System Repair verification, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
      • 2005: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System Repair Verification, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2005-08: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 5 (AIR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, AIR System and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2006-08: MAZDA6
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • 4 Cylinder W/O Turbo California emission regulation applicable ATX model & V6
          • 4 Cylinder W/O Turbo Except California emission regulation applicable ATX model & 4 Cylinder W/Turbo
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/O Turbo & V6)
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/Turbo)
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/O Turbo)
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/Turbo)
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (V6)
      • 2006-08: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S Heater, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-09: MAZDA3 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-08: CX-7
        • Notes
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-10: CX-9
      • 2008-09: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 02 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2008-09: Tribute
        • Description of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
      • 2009-10: MAZDA6 (4 Cylinder)
        • Notes
        • Mode 02 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009-10: MAZDA6 (V6)
      • 2009: CX-7
        • Notes
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009-11: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 3 (A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 5 (AIR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-13: MAZDA3 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR system, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-12: CX-7 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-12: CX-7 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-13: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-11: Tribute
        • Description
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • 2011-13: CX-9
      • 2010-13: MAZDA3 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2012-13: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2011-13: MAZDA6 (4 Cylinder)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2011-13: MAZDA6 (V6)
      • 2012-13: MAZDA2
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2013: CX-5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (Variable Valve Timing, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index
    • Control Systems DTCS
      • Except Hybrid
        • Communications Network
        • B, C And U Codes
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Hybrid
        • Communications Network
        • B, C, P And U Codes
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • Climate Control System DTCS
      • Except Hybrid
        • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC)
      • Hybrid
        • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm)
        • Air Conditioning Compressor Module (ACCM)
        • HVAC Module
    • Convention And Hybrid Brake System DTCS
      • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs)
        • Except Hybrid
        • Hybrid
    • Engine Control DTCS
      • Hybrid
        • Speed Control
          • Pcm
        • Engine Cooling
          • Pcm
        • Battery Control Module (BCM)
        • Pcm
    • Engine Performance DTCS
      • 2.5L And 3.0L
        • B, C And U Codes
        • Pcm
        • Engine Cooling
          • Pcm
      • Starting System
      • Speed Control
        • Pcm
    • Entertainment System DTCS
      • Audio Control Module (ACM)
      • Front Display Interface Module (FDIM)
      • Front Controls Interface Module (FCIM)
      • Satellite Digital Audio Receiver System (SDARS)
    • Instrumentation/Driver Information DTCS
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
        • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm)
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Information And Message Center
        • Instrument Cluster
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Electronic Compass
        • Instrument Cluster
    • Lighting Systems DTCS
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
    • Navigation System DTCS
      • Audio Control Module (ACM)
    • Power Steering System DTCS
      • Power Steering Control Module
    • Restraints DTCS
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - Restraints Control Module (RCM)
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - Occupant Classification System Module (OCSM)
    • Security/Locks DTCS
      • Except Hybrid
        • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
          • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
      • Hybrid
        • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
          • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
          • Instrument Cluster (IC)
          • Transmission Control Module (TCM)
    • Steering Column Switches DTCS
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
    • Suspension System DTCS
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
    • Transmission/Transaxle DTCS
    • Windows System & Seats System DTCS
      • Smart Junction Box (SJB)
      • HVAC Module DTC
      • Seats - HVAC Module
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Hoist/Jack
    • General Information
      • How To Use This Service Information
        • Range of Topics
        • Service Procedure
          • Inspection, Adjustment
          • Repair Procedure
        • Symbols
        • Advisory Messages
        • Specification
        • Upper and Lower Limits
        • Troubleshooting Procedure
          • On-Board Diagnosis
          • Engine Tune-Up (Section 01)
          • Basic Inspection
          • Diagnostic Index
        • Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Procedures For Use
          • Using The Basic Inspection
          • Using The Diagnostic Index
          • Using The Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Text Sequence
      • Units
        • Notes
        • Conversion to SI Units (System International d'Unites)
        • Rounding Off
        • Upper and Lower Limits
      • Fundamental Procedures
        • Protection of the Vehicle
        • Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
        • Special Tools
        • Disconnection of the Negative Battery Cable
        • Removal of Parts
        • Disassembly
        • Inspection During Removal, Disassembly
        • Arrangement of Parts
        • Cleaning of Parts
        • Reassembly
        • Adjustments
        • Rubber Parts and Tubing
        • Hose Clamps
        • Torque Formulas
        • Vise
        • Dynamometer
      • Electrical System
        • Electrical Parts
          • Battery Cable
        • Connectors
          • Data Link Connector (DLC)
        • Disconnecting Connectors
        • Locking Connector
        • Inspection
        • Terminals
          • Inspection
        • Replacement
        • Sensors, Switches, and Relays
        • Wiring Harness
          • Wiring Color Codes
        • Fuse
          • Replacement
        • Electric Troubleshooting Tools
          • Jumper Wire
        • Voltmeter
        • Ohmmeter
      • Jacking
        • Notes
        • Jacking Points - Front
        • Jacking Points - Rear
      • Lifting
      • Towing
        • Notes
        • Front or Rear Towing
      • Towing 2-Wheel Drive Vehicles
        • Towing a Vehicle With a Manual Or Automatic Transaxle With The Front Wheels Off The Ground
      • Towing 4-Wheel Drive Vehicles
      • Sae Standards
      • Abbreviations
      • Pre-Delivery Inspection
        • Service Pre-Delivery inspection Sheet
      • Scheduled Maintenance
        • Maintenance Schedules - Gasoline Engines
          • Notes
          • General Maintenance Information
          • Engine Idle Hour Meter
          • Special Operating Condition Requirements
          • Checks and Services
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Normal Schedule)
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Special Operating Conditions)
          • Engine Coolant Change Interval
          • Multi-Point inspection
          • In-Line, Service-Installed Transmission Fluid Filter
          • Monthly Checks
          • Six Month Checks
          • Retighten Lug Nuts
          • Normal Schedule
          • 12,000 Km (7,500 Mi)
          • 24,000 Km (15,000 Mi)
          • 36,000 Km (22,500 Mi)
          • 48,000 Km (30,000 Mi)
          • 60,000 Km (37,500 Mi)
          • 72,000 Km (45,000 Mi)
          • 84,000 Km (52,500 Mi)
          • 96,000 Km (60,000 Mi)
          • 108,000 Km (67,500 Mi)
          • 120,000 Km (75,000 Mi)
          • 132,000 Km (82,500 Mi)
          • 144,000 Km (90,000 Mi)
          • 156,000 Km (97,500 Mi)
          • 168,000 Km (105,000 Mi)
          • 180,000 Km (112,500 Mi)
          • 192,000 Km (120,000 Mi)
          • 204,000 Km (127,500 Mi)
          • 216,000 Km (135,000 Mi)
          • 228,000 Km (142,500 Mi)
          • 240,000 Km (150,000 Mi)
          • Exceptions To Normal Schedule
            • Maximum Oil Change Interval
            • Coolant
            • Normal Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • Police and Taxi Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • California Fuel Filter Replacement
      • Safety Compliance Certification Labels
        • Vehicle Certification (VC) Label
        • Paint Codes
        • Wheel Base
        • Brake Type
        • Interior Trim Codes
        • Interior Trim Type
        • Interior Color Codes (right digit)
        • Tape/Paint Pinstripe Code
        • Radio Codes
        • Axle Codes
        • Transmission Type
        • Spring Codes
        • Front Spring Codes
        • Torsion Bars
        • Rear Springs
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
    • General Information
      • How To Use This Service Information
        • Range of Topics
        • Service Procedure
          • Inspection, Adjustment
          • Repair Procedure
        • Symbols
        • Advisory Messages
        • Specification
        • Upper and Lower Limits
        • Troubleshooting Procedure
          • On-Board Diagnosis
          • Engine Tune-Up (Section 01)
          • Basic Inspection
          • Diagnostic Index
        • Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Procedures For Use
          • Using The Basic Inspection
          • Using The Diagnostic Index
          • Using The Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Text Sequence
      • Units
        • Notes
        • Conversion to SI Units (System International d'Unites)
        • Rounding Off
        • Upper and Lower Limits
      • Fundamental Procedures
        • Protection of the Vehicle
        • Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
        • Special Tools
        • Disconnection of the Negative Battery Cable
        • Removal of Parts
        • Disassembly
        • Inspection During Removal, Disassembly
        • Arrangement of Parts
        • Cleaning of Parts
        • Reassembly
        • Adjustments
        • Rubber Parts and Tubing
        • Hose Clamps
        • Torque Formulas
        • Vise
        • Dynamometer
      • Electrical System
        • Electrical Parts
          • Battery Cable
        • Connectors
          • Data Link Connector (DLC)
        • Disconnecting Connectors
        • Locking Connector
        • Inspection
        • Terminals
          • Inspection
        • Replacement
        • Sensors, Switches, and Relays
        • Wiring Harness
          • Wiring Color Codes
        • Fuse
          • Replacement
        • Electric Troubleshooting Tools
          • Jumper Wire
        • Voltmeter
        • Ohmmeter
      • Jacking
        • Notes
        • Jacking Points - Front
        • Jacking Points - Rear
      • Lifting
      • Towing
        • Notes
        • Front or Rear Towing
      • Towing 2-Wheel Drive Vehicles
        • Towing a Vehicle With a Manual Or Automatic Transaxle With The Front Wheels Off The Ground
      • Towing 4-Wheel Drive Vehicles
      • Sae Standards
      • Abbreviations
      • Pre-Delivery Inspection
        • Service Pre-Delivery inspection Sheet
      • Scheduled Maintenance
        • Maintenance Schedules - Gasoline Engines
          • Notes
          • General Maintenance Information
          • Engine Idle Hour Meter
          • Special Operating Condition Requirements
          • Checks and Services
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Normal Schedule)
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Special Operating Conditions)
          • Engine Coolant Change Interval
          • Multi-Point inspection
          • In-Line, Service-Installed Transmission Fluid Filter
          • Monthly Checks
          • Six Month Checks
          • Retighten Lug Nuts
          • Normal Schedule
          • 12,000 Km (7,500 Mi)
          • 24,000 Km (15,000 Mi)
          • 36,000 Km (22,500 Mi)
          • 48,000 Km (30,000 Mi)
          • 60,000 Km (37,500 Mi)
          • 72,000 Km (45,000 Mi)
          • 84,000 Km (52,500 Mi)
          • 96,000 Km (60,000 Mi)
          • 108,000 Km (67,500 Mi)
          • 120,000 Km (75,000 Mi)
          • 132,000 Km (82,500 Mi)
          • 144,000 Km (90,000 Mi)
          • 156,000 Km (97,500 Mi)
          • 168,000 Km (105,000 Mi)
          • 180,000 Km (112,500 Mi)
          • 192,000 Km (120,000 Mi)
          • 204,000 Km (127,500 Mi)
          • 216,000 Km (135,000 Mi)
          • 228,000 Km (142,500 Mi)
          • 240,000 Km (150,000 Mi)
          • Exceptions To Normal Schedule
            • Maximum Oil Change Interval
            • Coolant
            • Normal Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • Police and Taxi Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • California Fuel Filter Replacement
      • Safety Compliance Certification Labels
        • Vehicle Certification (VC) Label
        • Paint Codes
        • Wheel Base
        • Brake Type
        • Interior Trim Codes
        • Interior Trim Type
        • Interior Color Codes (right digit)
        • Tape/Paint Pinstripe Code
        • Radio Codes
        • Axle Codes
        • Transmission Type
        • Spring Codes
        • Front Spring Codes
        • Torsion Bars
        • Rear Springs
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • OEM General Information
    • Automatic Stop/Start Disable
      • Auto Stop/Start Disable
        • Notes
        • Disable Conditions
        • Disable Button
    • General Information
      • How To Use This Service Information
        • Range of Topics
        • Service Procedure
          • Inspection, Adjustment
          • Repair Procedure
        • Symbols
        • Advisory Messages
        • Specification
        • Upper and Lower Limits
        • Troubleshooting Procedure
          • On-Board Diagnosis
          • Engine Tune-Up (Section 01)
          • Basic Inspection
          • Diagnostic Index
        • Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Procedures For Use
          • Using The Basic Inspection
          • Using The Diagnostic Index
          • Using The Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Text Sequence
      • Units
        • Notes
        • Conversion to SI Units (System International d'Unites)
        • Rounding Off
        • Upper and Lower Limits
      • Fundamental Procedures
        • Protection of the Vehicle
        • Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
        • Special Tools
        • Disconnection of the Negative Battery Cable
        • Removal of Parts
        • Disassembly
        • Inspection During Removal, Disassembly
        • Arrangement of Parts
        • Cleaning of Parts
        • Reassembly
        • Adjustments
        • Rubber Parts and Tubing
        • Hose Clamps
        • Torque Formulas
        • Vise
        • Dynamometer
      • Electrical System
        • Electrical Parts
          • Battery Cable
        • Connectors
          • Data Link Connector (DLC)
        • Disconnecting Connectors
        • Locking Connector
        • Inspection
        • Terminals
          • Inspection
        • Replacement
        • Sensors, Switches, and Relays
        • Wiring Harness
          • Wiring Color Codes
        • Fuse
          • Replacement
        • Electric Troubleshooting Tools
          • Jumper Wire
        • Voltmeter
        • Ohmmeter
      • Jacking
        • Notes
        • Jacking Points - Front
        • Jacking Points - Rear
      • Lifting
      • Towing
        • Notes
        • Front or Rear Towing
      • Towing 2-Wheel Drive Vehicles
        • Towing a Vehicle With a Manual Or Automatic Transaxle With The Front Wheels Off The Ground
      • Towing 4-Wheel Drive Vehicles
      • Sae Standards
      • Abbreviations
      • Pre-Delivery Inspection
        • Service Pre-Delivery inspection Sheet
      • Scheduled Maintenance
        • Maintenance Schedules - Gasoline Engines
          • Notes
          • General Maintenance Information
          • Engine Idle Hour Meter
          • Special Operating Condition Requirements
          • Checks and Services
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Normal Schedule)
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Special Operating Conditions)
          • Engine Coolant Change Interval
          • Multi-Point inspection
          • In-Line, Service-Installed Transmission Fluid Filter
          • Monthly Checks
          • Six Month Checks
          • Retighten Lug Nuts
          • Normal Schedule
          • 12,000 Km (7,500 Mi)
          • 24,000 Km (15,000 Mi)
          • 36,000 Km (22,500 Mi)
          • 48,000 Km (30,000 Mi)
          • 60,000 Km (37,500 Mi)
          • 72,000 Km (45,000 Mi)
          • 84,000 Km (52,500 Mi)
          • 96,000 Km (60,000 Mi)
          • 108,000 Km (67,500 Mi)
          • 120,000 Km (75,000 Mi)
          • 132,000 Km (82,500 Mi)
          • 144,000 Km (90,000 Mi)
          • 156,000 Km (97,500 Mi)
          • 168,000 Km (105,000 Mi)
          • 180,000 Km (112,500 Mi)
          • 192,000 Km (120,000 Mi)
          • 204,000 Km (127,500 Mi)
          • 216,000 Km (135,000 Mi)
          • 228,000 Km (142,500 Mi)
          • 240,000 Km (150,000 Mi)
          • Exceptions To Normal Schedule
            • Maximum Oil Change Interval
            • Coolant
            • Normal Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • Police and Taxi Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • California Fuel Filter Replacement
      • Safety Compliance Certification Labels
        • Vehicle Certification (VC) Label
        • Paint Codes
        • Wheel Base
        • Brake Type
        • Interior Trim Codes
        • Interior Trim Type
        • Interior Color Codes (right digit)
        • Tape/Paint Pinstripe Code
        • Radio Codes
        • Axle Codes
        • Transmission Type
        • Spring Codes
        • Front Spring Codes
        • Torsion Bars
        • Rear Springs
  • Reset Procedures
    • ATEQ TPMS Reset Procedure
      • ATEQ TPMS Reset Procedure
    • BARTEC TPMS Reset Procedure
      • BARTEC TPMS Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder
        • Notes
        • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • Maintenance Service Reminder
        • Notes
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Note
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • Timing Belt Replacement Reminder
        • Notes
        • Timing Belt Replacement Reminder Reset Procedure
      • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
        • Notes
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
          • Notes
          • Without M-MDS Scan Tool
          • With M-MDS Scan Tool
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
          • Notes
          • Tire Pressure Sensor Activation
          • Tire Pressure Sensor Training
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
          • Notes
          • Tire Pressure Sensor Activation
          • Tire Pressure Sensor Training
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
    • Tire Pressure Monitor Systems
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) System
        • Tire Pressure Monitor Warning Light
      • TPMS Reset Procedures
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Sensor Activation
        • Tire Pressure Sensor Training
      • Dismounting/Mounting Procedures
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
      • Common Specifications & Procedures
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Towing
    • General Information
      • How To Use This Service Information
        • Range of Topics
        • Service Procedure
          • Inspection, Adjustment
          • Repair Procedure
        • Symbols
        • Advisory Messages
        • Specification
        • Upper and Lower Limits
        • Troubleshooting Procedure
          • On-Board Diagnosis
          • Engine Tune-Up (Section 01)
          • Basic Inspection
          • Diagnostic Index
        • Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Procedures For Use
          • Using The Basic Inspection
          • Using The Diagnostic Index
          • Using The Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Text Sequence
      • Units
        • Notes
        • Conversion to SI Units (System International d'Unites)
        • Rounding Off
        • Upper and Lower Limits
      • Fundamental Procedures
        • Protection of the Vehicle
        • Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
        • Special Tools
        • Disconnection of the Negative Battery Cable
        • Removal of Parts
        • Disassembly
        • Inspection During Removal, Disassembly
        • Arrangement of Parts
        • Cleaning of Parts
        • Reassembly
        • Adjustments
        • Rubber Parts and Tubing
        • Hose Clamps
        • Torque Formulas
        • Vise
        • Dynamometer
      • Electrical System
        • Electrical Parts
          • Battery Cable
        • Connectors
          • Data Link Connector (DLC)
        • Disconnecting Connectors
        • Locking Connector
        • Inspection
        • Terminals
          • Inspection
        • Replacement
        • Sensors, Switches, and Relays
        • Wiring Harness
          • Wiring Color Codes
        • Fuse
          • Replacement
        • Electric Troubleshooting Tools
          • Jumper Wire
        • Voltmeter
        • Ohmmeter
      • Jacking
        • Notes
        • Jacking Points - Front
        • Jacking Points - Rear
      • Lifting
      • Towing
        • Notes
        • Front or Rear Towing
      • Towing 2-Wheel Drive Vehicles
        • Towing a Vehicle With a Manual Or Automatic Transaxle With The Front Wheels Off The Ground
      • Towing 4-Wheel Drive Vehicles
      • Sae Standards
      • Abbreviations
      • Pre-Delivery Inspection
        • Service Pre-Delivery inspection Sheet
      • Scheduled Maintenance
        • Maintenance Schedules - Gasoline Engines
          • Notes
          • General Maintenance Information
          • Engine Idle Hour Meter
          • Special Operating Condition Requirements
          • Checks and Services
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Normal Schedule)
          • Maximum Oil Change Interval (Special Operating Conditions)
          • Engine Coolant Change Interval
          • Multi-Point inspection
          • In-Line, Service-Installed Transmission Fluid Filter
          • Monthly Checks
          • Six Month Checks
          • Retighten Lug Nuts
          • Normal Schedule
          • 12,000 Km (7,500 Mi)
          • 24,000 Km (15,000 Mi)
          • 36,000 Km (22,500 Mi)
          • 48,000 Km (30,000 Mi)
          • 60,000 Km (37,500 Mi)
          • 72,000 Km (45,000 Mi)
          • 84,000 Km (52,500 Mi)
          • 96,000 Km (60,000 Mi)
          • 108,000 Km (67,500 Mi)
          • 120,000 Km (75,000 Mi)
          • 132,000 Km (82,500 Mi)
          • 144,000 Km (90,000 Mi)
          • 156,000 Km (97,500 Mi)
          • 168,000 Km (105,000 Mi)
          • 180,000 Km (112,500 Mi)
          • 192,000 Km (120,000 Mi)
          • 204,000 Km (127,500 Mi)
          • 216,000 Km (135,000 Mi)
          • 228,000 Km (142,500 Mi)
          • 240,000 Km (150,000 Mi)
          • Exceptions To Normal Schedule
            • Maximum Oil Change Interval
            • Coolant
            • Normal Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • Police and Taxi Vehicle Axle Maintenance
            • California Fuel Filter Replacement
      • Safety Compliance Certification Labels
        • Vehicle Certification (VC) Label
        • Paint Codes
        • Wheel Base
        • Brake Type
        • Interior Trim Codes
        • Interior Trim Type
        • Interior Color Codes (right digit)
        • Tape/Paint Pinstripe Code
        • Radio Codes
        • Axle Codes
        • Transmission Type
        • Spring Codes
        • Front Spring Codes
        • Torsion Bars
        • Rear Springs
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
    • Traction Control Disable
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • Basic System (HVAC)
      • Air Conditioning System Overview
        • Air Conditioning
        • A/C Compressor and Clutch Assembly
        • A/C Condenser
        • Evaporator Core
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)
        • Receiver/Drier
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
        • A/C Pressure Transducer
        • Service Gauge Port Valves
        • Refrigerant System Dye
        • Refrigerant Line Fittings
      • Control Components
        • Notes
        • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC)
        • Control System Inputs
        • Control System Outputs
        • Blower Motor Speed
        • Temperature Blend Door Position
        • Airflow Mode Door Position
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Position
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC)
        • HVAC Module
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor - Non-Hybrid
        • In-Vehicle Temperature and Humidity Sensor - Hybrid
        • Sunload Sensor (Solar Radiation Sensor)
        • Ambient Temperature Sensor
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator
      • Air Distribution
        • Notes
        • Cabin Air Filter
      • Heating And Ventilation
        • Notes
        • Heater Core
        • Blower Motor
        • Heater Core and Evaporator Core Housing
      • Register - Driver Side Removal/Installation
      • Center Register Duct Removal/Installation
      • Rear FOOTWELL Duct Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Register - Passenger Side Removal/Installation
      • Thermostatic Expansion Valve Removal/Installation
      • Heater Core And Evaporator Core Housing Removal/Installation
      • Heater Core Removal/Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 2.5L Removal/Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 3.0L Removal/Installation
      • A/C Pressure Relief Valve Removal/Installation
      • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Condenser Core Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Receiver Drier Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Condenser To Receiver Drier Line Removal/Installation
      • Evaporator Inlet Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Evaporator Outlet Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
      • Heater Core And Evaporator Core Housing Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly/Assembly
      • Instrument Panel Air Distribution Ducts Disassembly/Assembly
    • Technical Data [HVAC System]
      • Specifications
        • Material Specifications - Conventional
        • General Specifications - Conventional
        • Torque Specifications
        • Material Specifications - Hybrid
        • General Specifications - Hybrid
  • General Servicing
    • Basic System (HVAC)
      • Air Conditioning System Overview
        • Air Conditioning
        • A/C Compressor and Clutch Assembly
        • A/C Condenser
        • Evaporator Core
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)
        • Receiver/Drier
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
        • A/C Pressure Transducer
        • Service Gauge Port Valves
        • Refrigerant System Dye
        • Refrigerant Line Fittings
      • Control Components
        • Notes
        • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC)
        • Control System Inputs
        • Control System Outputs
        • Blower Motor Speed
        • Temperature Blend Door Position
        • Airflow Mode Door Position
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Position
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC)
        • HVAC Module
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor - Non-Hybrid
        • In-Vehicle Temperature and Humidity Sensor - Hybrid
        • Sunload Sensor (Solar Radiation Sensor)
        • Ambient Temperature Sensor
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator
      • Air Distribution
        • Notes
        • Cabin Air Filter
      • Heating And Ventilation
        • Notes
        • Heater Core
        • Blower Motor
        • Heater Core and Evaporator Core Housing
      • Register - Driver Side Removal/Installation
      • Center Register Duct Removal/Installation
      • Rear FOOTWELL Duct Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Register - Passenger Side Removal/Installation
      • Thermostatic Expansion Valve Removal/Installation
      • Heater Core And Evaporator Core Housing Removal/Installation
      • Heater Core Removal/Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 2.5L Removal/Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 3.0L Removal/Installation
      • A/C Pressure Relief Valve Removal/Installation
      • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Condenser Core Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Receiver Drier Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Condenser To Receiver Drier Line Removal/Installation
      • Evaporator Inlet Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Evaporator Outlet Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
      • Heater Core And Evaporator Core Housing Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly/Assembly
      • Instrument Panel Air Distribution Ducts Disassembly/Assembly
    • Cabin Air Filter (Special Applications) - General Information
      • Cabin Air Filter Applications
    • Refrigerant System [HVAC]
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Overview
        • Notes
        • A/C Compressor and Clutch Assembly
        • Thermal Protection Switch (Hybrid Only)
        • A/C Condenser
        • Evaporator Core
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)
        • Receiver/Drier - Suction Accumulator
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
        • A/C Pressure Transducer (2.5L or 3.0L [4V] Only)
        • Dual Pressure Switch (Hybrid Only)
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch
        • Passenger Zone Valve (Hybrid Only)
        • Battery Zone Valve (Hybrid Only)
        • Service Gauge Port Valves
        • Refrigerant System Dye
        • Refrigerant Line Fittings
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Odor Treatment
      • Refrigerant System Tests
        • Procedure 1 - Ambient Temperature At or Below 38°C (100°F)
        • Procedure 2 - Ambient Temperature Above 38°C (100°F)
        • Diagnostic Table
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
      • Refrigerant System Warnings
      • Refrigerant Identification Testing
      • Electronic Leak Detection
      • A/C Evaporator/Condenser On-Vehicle Leak Test
      • Fluorescent Dye Leak Detection
        • Fluorescent Dye Injection - Using an R-134a Refrigerant Management Center and Dye/Lubricant Injector (Non-Hybrid Only)
        • Fluorescent Dye Injection - Using an R-134a Loop/Add On injector Kit-Set (Non-Hybrid Only)
        • Fluorescent Dye Detection
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Discharging And Recovery
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Evacuation And Charging
        • Refrigerant System Evacuation Using a R-134a Refrigerant Management Machine
        • Refrigerant System Evacuation Using a R-134a Manifold Gauge Set and Vacuum Pump
        • Refrigerant System Charging Using a R-134a Refrigerant Management Machine
        • Refrigerant System Charging Using a R-134a Manifold Gauge Set and Automatic Refrigerant Charging Meter
      • Refrigerant Oil Adding
        • Notes
        • Adding Refrigerant Oil After A/C Compressor Replacement - Non-Hybrid
        • Adding Refrigerant Oil After Electric A/C Compressor Replacement - Hybrid
        • Oil Injection Using a Dye/Lubricant Injector
      • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
    • Technical Data [HVAC System]
      • Specifications
        • Material Specifications - Conventional
        • General Specifications - Conventional
        • Torque Specifications
        • Material Specifications - Hybrid
        • General Specifications - Hybrid
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Basic System (HVAC)
      • Air Conditioning System Overview
        • Air Conditioning
        • A/C Compressor and Clutch Assembly
        • A/C Condenser
        • Evaporator Core
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)
        • Receiver/Drier
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
        • A/C Pressure Transducer
        • Service Gauge Port Valves
        • Refrigerant System Dye
        • Refrigerant Line Fittings
      • Control Components
        • Notes
        • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC)
        • Control System Inputs
        • Control System Outputs
        • Blower Motor Speed
        • Temperature Blend Door Position
        • Airflow Mode Door Position
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Position
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC)
        • HVAC Module
        • In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor - Non-Hybrid
        • In-Vehicle Temperature and Humidity Sensor - Hybrid
        • Sunload Sensor (Solar Radiation Sensor)
        • Ambient Temperature Sensor
        • Air Inlet Mode Door Actuator
      • Air Distribution
        • Notes
        • Cabin Air Filter
      • Heating And Ventilation
        • Notes
        • Heater Core
        • Blower Motor
        • Heater Core and Evaporator Core Housing
      • Register - Driver Side Removal/Installation
      • Center Register Duct Removal/Installation
      • Rear FOOTWELL Duct Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Register - Passenger Side Removal/Installation
      • Thermostatic Expansion Valve Removal/Installation
      • Heater Core And Evaporator Core Housing Removal/Installation
      • Heater Core Removal/Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 2.5L Removal/Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 3.0L Removal/Installation
      • A/C Pressure Relief Valve Removal/Installation
      • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Condenser Core Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Receiver Drier Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Condenser To Receiver Drier Line Removal/Installation
      • Evaporator Inlet Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Evaporator Outlet Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L And 3.0L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - 2.5L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - 3.0L
      • Compressor To Condenser Discharge Line Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
      • Heater Core And Evaporator Core Housing Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly/Assembly
      • Instrument Panel Air Distribution Ducts Disassembly/Assembly
    • Control System [HVAC - Manual Air Conditioner]
      • Climate Control Module Removal/Installation
      • Temperature Blend Door Actuator - LH Removal/Installation (Hybrid Only)
      • Temperature Blend Door Actuator - RH Removal/Installation
      • Mode Door Actuator - Air Inlet Door Removal/Installation
      • Mode Door Actuator - Defrost/Panel/Floor Door Removal/Installation
      • Blower Motor Removal/Installation
      • Blower Motor Resistor Removal/Installation
      • Blower Motor Resistor Removal/Installation - Hybrid
      • Blower Motor Speed Control Removal/Installation
    • Refrigerant System [HVAC]
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Overview
        • Notes
        • A/C Compressor and Clutch Assembly
        • Thermal Protection Switch (Hybrid Only)
        • A/C Condenser
        • Evaporator Core
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV)
        • Receiver/Drier - Suction Accumulator
        • Evaporator Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
        • A/C Pressure Transducer (2.5L or 3.0L [4V] Only)
        • Dual Pressure Switch (Hybrid Only)
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch
        • Passenger Zone Valve (Hybrid Only)
        • Battery Zone Valve (Hybrid Only)
        • Service Gauge Port Valves
        • Refrigerant System Dye
        • Refrigerant Line Fittings
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Odor Treatment
      • Refrigerant System Tests
        • Procedure 1 - Ambient Temperature At or Below 38°C (100°F)
        • Procedure 2 - Ambient Temperature Above 38°C (100°F)
        • Diagnostic Table
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
      • Refrigerant System Warnings
      • Refrigerant Identification Testing
      • Electronic Leak Detection
      • A/C Evaporator/Condenser On-Vehicle Leak Test
      • Fluorescent Dye Leak Detection
        • Fluorescent Dye Injection - Using an R-134a Refrigerant Management Center and Dye/Lubricant Injector (Non-Hybrid Only)
        • Fluorescent Dye Injection - Using an R-134a Loop/Add On injector Kit-Set (Non-Hybrid Only)
        • Fluorescent Dye Detection
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Discharging And Recovery
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Evacuation And Charging
        • Refrigerant System Evacuation Using a R-134a Refrigerant Management Machine
        • Refrigerant System Evacuation Using a R-134a Manifold Gauge Set and Vacuum Pump
        • Refrigerant System Charging Using a R-134a Refrigerant Management Machine
        • Refrigerant System Charging Using a R-134a Manifold Gauge Set and Automatic Refrigerant Charging Meter
      • Refrigerant Oil Adding
        • Notes
        • Adding Refrigerant Oil After A/C Compressor Replacement - Non-Hybrid
        • Adding Refrigerant Oil After Electric A/C Compressor Replacement - Hybrid
        • Oil Injection Using a Dye/Lubricant Injector
      • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
    • Service Tools [HVAC System]
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [HVAC System - Except Hybrid]
      • Climate Control System Operation
        • Notes
        • Operation
        • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC) System
        • Dual Automatic Temperature Control (DATC) System
        • External Temperature Display
        • System Airflow Description - Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC)
          • Max A/C
          • Panel
          • Panel/Floor
          • Off
          • Floor
          • Floor/Defrost
          • Defrost
        • System Airflow Description - Dual Automatic Temperature Control (DATC)
          • Auto
          • Off
          • Panel
          • Panel/Floor
          • Floor
          • Floor/Defrost
          • Defrost
      • Climate Control System Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects of Pressure on Boiling or Condensation
        • Compressor Anti-Slugging Strategy
        • The Refrigerant Cycle
      • Climate Control System - Inspection And Verification
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • EWTC Module - Diagnostic Methods
        • EMTC Module - Cold Boot Process
      • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) DTC Chart
      • Electronic Manual Temperature Control (EMTC) Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Climate Control
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH) - A/C Compressor
      • Connector End Views - Manual Climate Control
      • Pinpoint Test 8: The Air Inlet Door Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 9: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlets
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 10: Insufficient, Erratic Or No Heat
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 11: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Is Inoperative
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 12: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Is Always On Not Cycle A/C Compressor Does
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: Temperature Control Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 15: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - Manual Climate Control Module
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 16: The Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly - Electronic Manual Temperature Control Module (EMTC)
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 19: DTC B1878 - Battery Voltage Out Of Range
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: DTC B2826 Or DTC B2827 - Front Evaporator Temp Sensor Circuit Failure Or Short To Ground
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 13: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Is Always On - A/C Mode Always Commanded On
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 1: DTC P0532 Or P0533
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC P0645
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 14: HVAC Functions Verification
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • COMPONENT TEST - Blower Motor Resistor
      • Component Tests
        • COMPONENT TEST - In-Vehicle Temperature Sensor
        • COMPONENT TEST - Ambient Temperature Sensor
      • COMPONENT TEST - Defrost/Panel/Floor Door Actuator
      • Component Test - Heater Core
        • Heater Core
        • Heater Core - Plugged
        • Heater Core - Pressure Test
        • Heater Core - Bench Test
      • Component Test - Evaporator/Condenser Core GN-Vehicle Leak Test
      • Component Test - A/C Compressor External Leak Test
      • Component Test - Temperature Blend Door Actuator
    • Technical Data [HVAC System]
      • Specifications
        • Material Specifications - Conventional
        • General Specifications - Conventional
        • Torque Specifications
        • Material Specifications - Hybrid
        • General Specifications - Hybrid
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • Emissions Maintenance Reminder
      • Notes
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Maintenance Service Reminder
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Note
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
    • Timing Belt Replacement Reminder
      • Notes
      • Timing Belt Replacement Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
      • Notes
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Notes
        • Without M-MDS Scan Tool
        • With M-MDS Scan Tool
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Sensor Activation
        • Tire Pressure Sensor Training
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Sensor Activation
        • Tire Pressure Sensor Training
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Air Bag System
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)
        • Description and Operation
          • Notes
          • Air Bag and Safety Belt Pretensioner Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Components (Illustration 1 of 2)
          • Air Bag and Safety Belt Pretensioner Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Components (Illustration 2 of 2)
      • Disposal Of Deployable Devices And Pyrotechnic Devices That Are UNDEPLOYED/Inoperative
      • Disposal Of Deployable Devices And Pyrotechnic Devices That Are Deployed
      • Disposal Of Deployable Devices And Pyrotechnic Devices That Require Manual Deployment
      • Driver Air Bag Module, Passenger Air Bag Module And Seat Side Air Bag Modules - Remote Deployment
        • Remote Deployment
      • Safety Canopy Modules And Side Air Curtain Modules - In-Vehicle Deployment
      • Deployable Steering Column - In-Vehicle Deployment
      • Inspection And Repair After Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Deployment
        • Notes
        • Vehicles With Occupant Classification Sensor (OCS) System
      • Rivet Nut Replacement
      • Safety Belt Buckle PRETENSIONERS, Safety Belt Retractor PRETENSIONERS And Adaptive Load Limiting Safety Belt Retractors - Remote Deployment
        • Remote Deployment
      • Safety Belt Buckle PRETENSIONERS, Safety Belt Retractor PRETENSIONERS And Load Limiting Safety Belt Retractors - In-Vehicle Deployment
        • In-Vehicle Deployment
      • Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Deactivation And Reactivation
        • Deactivation
        • Reactivation
      • Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) DEPOWERING And REPOWERING
        • Depowering Procedure
        • Repowering Procedure
      • CLOCKSPRING Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Driver Air Bag Module Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Impact Severity Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Occupant Classification Sensor - Original Equipment Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Occupant Classification Sensor - Service Kit Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (Pad) Indicator Removal/Installation
      • Passenger Air Bag Module Removal/Installation
      • Restraints Control Module (RCM) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Safety Canopy Module Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Position Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Side Air Bag Module Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Side Impact Sensor - First Row, B-Pillar Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Side Impact Sensor - Second Row, C-Pillar Removal/Installation
      • Passenger Air Bag Trim Cover Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Service Tools [Air Bag System]
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Air Bag System)
      • Safety Belt System - Principles Of Operation
        • Notes
        • Safety Belt Warning System
        • Belt-Minder®
      • Seat Belt Systems - Inspection And Verification
      • Safety Belt System - Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
      • Component Test - Safety Belt System
        • Notes
        • Functional Test - Safety Belt Buckle and Tongue
        • Functional Test - Safety Belt Retractor
        • Functional Test - Safety Belt Retractor, Automatic Locking Retractor (ALR) Mode
        • Functional Test - Safety Belt Retractor, Road Test Inspection
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS)
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Air Bag Warning Indicator
          • Air Bag Module Second Stage Deployment Check
          • Clockspring
          • Driver Air Bag Module
          • High Speed Controller Area Network (HS-CAN)
          • Occupant Classification Sensor (OCS) System
          • Belt Tension Sensor (BTS)
          • Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Indicator
          • Passenger Air Bag and Passenger Air Bag Deactivation (PAD) Indicator Status
          • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Restraints Control Module (RCM)
          • Safety Belt Buckle Switches
          • Safety Belt Buckle Pretensioners
          • Safety Belt Retractor Pretensioner
          • Safety Canopy Module
          • Seat Track Position Sensor
          • Secondary Air Bag Warning (Chime)
          • Impact Sensors (Restraints Sensor)
          • Seat Side Air Bag Module
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Diagnostic Instructions
        • Notes
        • Self-Test/Continuous Memory and Clear DTCs
        • Fault PIDs
        • Lamp Fault Codes (LFCs)
        • Prove Out Procedure
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Inspection And Verification
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - Restraints Control Module (RCM) DTC Chart
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) - Occupant Classification System Module (OCSM) DTC Chart
      • Air Bag And Safety Belt PRETENSIONER Supplemental Restraint System Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
      • Connector End Views - Restraints
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Air Bag Warning Indicator Is Illuminated Continuously
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 2: DTCs B0001: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 3: DTCs B0002: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 4: DTCs B0010: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 5: DTCs B0011: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 6: DTCs B0020: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 7: DTCs B0021: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 8: DTCs B0028: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 9: DTCs B0029: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 10: DTCs B0050: 11, 12, 13 AND 1D
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 11: DTCs B0052: 11, 12, 13 AND 1D
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 12: DTCs B0090: 11, 81, 93 AND 96
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 13: DTCs B0091: 11, 81, 93 AND 96
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 14: DTCs B0092: 11, 81, 93 AND 96
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 15: DTCs B0095: 11, 81, 93 AND 96
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 16: DTCs B0096: 11, 81, 93 AND 96
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 17: DTCs B0097: 11, 81, 93 AND 96
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 18: DTCs B00A0: 09, 4A, 63, 64 AND 68
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 19: DTCs B00B5: 11, 12, 13 AND 1D
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 20: DTCs B00D5: 11, 12 AND 13
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 21: DTCs B1211: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 22: DTCs B1212: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 23: DTCs B1213: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 24: DTCs B1214: 11, 12, 13 AND 1A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 25: DTCs B1317, B1318, U3003:16 AND U3003:17
        • Normal Operation - Restraints Control Module (RCM)
        • Normal Operation - Occupant Classification System Module (OCSM)
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 26: DTC B2290
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 27: DTC B2909
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 28: DTCs B0001:2B, B0002:2B, B0010:2B, B0011:2B, B0020:2B, B0021:2B, B0028:2B, B0029:2B, B0050:2B, B0052:2B, B00B5:2B, B1211:2B, B1212:2B, B1213:2B AND B1214:2B
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 29: DTCs B0001:4A, B0002:4A, B0010:4A5 B0011:4A, B0020:4A, B0021:4A, B0028:4A, B0029:4A, B0050:4A, B0052:4A, B0090:4A, B0091:4A, B0092:4A, B0095:4A, B0096:4A, B0097:4A, B00B5:4A, B00D5:4A, B1211:4A, B1212:4A, B1213:4A AND B1214:4A
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • PINPOINT TEST 30: DTCs U0028:08 AND U0028:88
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
  • Restraints Control Systems
    • Seat Belt System
      • Safety Belt System - Description And Operation
        • Notes
        • Safety Belt Retractors
        • Automatic Locking Retractor (ALR)
        • Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR)
        • Belt Tension Sensor (BTS)
        • Safety Belt Buckles
          • Safety Belt Buckle and Pretensioner
        • Second Row Safety Belt Buckles
        • Child Safety Seat Restraints
      • Safety Belt Cleaning
      • Front Safety Belt Retractor Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Rear Safety Belt Retractor Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle And PRETENSIONER Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt - Center, Rear Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle - Center And Passenger Side, Rear Removal/Installation
      • Child Safety Seat Tether Anchor Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Tongue Rotated On Belt
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster With Stripped Weld Nuts
      • Safety Belt Procedure After A Collision
    • Technical Data [Restraint System)
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
  • Seat Belts
    • Seat Belt System
      • Safety Belt System - Description And Operation
        • Notes
        • Safety Belt Retractors
        • Automatic Locking Retractor (ALR)
        • Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR)
        • Belt Tension Sensor (BTS)
        • Safety Belt Buckles
          • Safety Belt Buckle and Pretensioner
        • Second Row Safety Belt Buckles
        • Child Safety Seat Restraints
      • Safety Belt Cleaning
      • Front Safety Belt Retractor Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Rear Safety Belt Retractor Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle And PRETENSIONER Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt - Center, Rear Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle - Center And Passenger Side, Rear Removal/Installation
      • Child Safety Seat Tether Anchor Removal/Installation
      • Safety Belt Tongue Rotated On Belt
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster With Stripped Weld Nuts
      • Safety Belt Procedure After A Collision
    • Technical Data [Restraint System)
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Steering System
      • Power Steering
      • Steering Linkage
      • Steering Column
      • Steering Gear Boot Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - MULTIFUNCTION Switch
      • Steering Column Lock Module Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column - Component View
      • Steering Wheel Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column Shaft Removal/Installation
      • Steering Gear Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Steering Gear - Component View
      • Steering Linkage - Exploded View
      • Tie Rod End - Outer Removal/Installation
      • Tie Rod End - Inner Removal/Installation
    • Service Tools [Power Steering System]
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Power Steering System]
      • Steering System
        • Principles of Operation
          • Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) System
          • Power Steering Control Module (PSCM)
          • Power Steering Motor
          • Steering Sensor
          • Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly Initialization
          • Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly Configuration
        • Inspection and Verification
      • DTC Charts - Steering System
        • Power Steering Control Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering System
        • Steering System Symptom Definitions
          • Drift/Pull
          • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
          • Lack of Assist or Inconsistent Assist
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Shimmy
          • Wander
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Steering System
      • Pinpoint Test 1: DTC B1317 And B1318 - Battery Voltage High And Battery Voltage Low
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Excessive Steering Wheel Play
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Steering System Drift/Pull/Wander
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Poor RETURNABILITY/Sticky Steering And Steering Has A Lack Of Assist Or Inconsistent Assist And DTC C195C
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests - Steering System
        • Steering Linkage
        • Steering Column Torsion Bar Test
  • Power Steering
    • Power Steering System
      • Power Steering
      • Steering Linkage
      • Steering Column
      • Steering Gear Boot Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch Removal/Installation
      • Component Test - MULTIFUNCTION Switch
      • Steering Column Lock Module Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column - Component View
      • Steering Wheel Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column Removal/Installation
      • Steering Column Shaft Removal/Installation
      • Steering Gear Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
      • Steering Gear - Component View
      • Steering Linkage - Exploded View
      • Tie Rod End - Outer Removal/Installation
      • Tie Rod End - Inner Removal/Installation
    • Service Tools [Power Steering System]
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Power Steering System]
      • Steering System
        • Principles of Operation
          • Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) System
          • Power Steering Control Module (PSCM)
          • Power Steering Motor
          • Steering Sensor
          • Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly Initialization
          • Electronic Power Assist Steering (EPAS) Column Assembly Configuration
        • Inspection and Verification
      • DTC Charts - Steering System
        • Power Steering Control Module DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering System
        • Steering System Symptom Definitions
          • Drift/Pull
          • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
          • Lack of Assist or Inconsistent Assist
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Shimmy
          • Wander
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Connector End Views - Steering System
      • Pinpoint Test 1: DTC B1317 And B1318 - Battery Voltage High And Battery Voltage Low
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Excessive Steering Wheel Play
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Steering System Drift/Pull/Wander
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Poor RETURNABILITY/Sticky Steering And Steering Has A Lack Of Assist Or Inconsistent Assist And DTC C195C
        • Notes
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests - Steering System
        • Steering Linkage
        • Steering Column Torsion Bar Test
• Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension System
      • Front Suspension
      • Ball Joint Inspection
      • Front Suspension - Exploded View
      • Wheel Knuckle Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Lower Arm Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Bearing And Wheel Hub Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Studs Removal/Installation
      • Strut And Spring - Front Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Strut And Spring Disassembly/Assembly - Front
      • Stabilizer Bar Removal/Installation
      • Stabilizer Bar Link Removal/Installation
      • Stabilizer Bar Bushing Removal/Installation
    • Service Tools [Suspension System]
      • Service Tools
    • Technical Data [Suspension System]
      • Specifications
        • Material Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
  • Rear Suspension
    • Rear Suspension System
      • Rear Suspension
      • Wheel Knuckle - All Wheel Drive (AWD) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Knuckle Removal/Installation - Front Wheel Drive (Fwd)
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Bearing - All Wheel Drive (AWD) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Bearing - Front Wheel Drive (Fwd) Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Studs Removal/Installation
      • Lower Arm Removal/Installation
      • Upper Arm Removal/Installation
      • Shock Absorber Removal/Installation
      • Spring Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Stabilizer Bar Removal/Installation
    • Service Tools [Suspension System]
      • Service Tools
    • Technical Data [Suspension System]
      • Specifications
        • Material Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Technical Data [Suspension System]
      • Specifications
        • Material Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
    • Wheel Alignment
      • Front Toe Adjustment
      • Camber And Caster Adjustment
      • Wheel Alignment Angles
        • Camber - Negative and Positive
        • Caster
        • Toe
        • Wander
        • Shimmy
        • Nibble
        • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
        • Drift/Pull
        • Poor Groove Feel
      • Rear Toe Adjustment
      • Ride Height Measurement
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Suspension System - Tire Pressure Monitoring System]
      • Suspension System
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
          • Incorrect Thrust Angle (Dogtracking)
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
          • Poor Groove Feel
      • Suspension System - Diagnosis And Testing
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Suspension System
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Component Tests - Suspension System
        • Ball Joint Inspection
      • Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
        • Notes
        • Acceptable Noise, Vibration and Harshness
        • Glossary of Terms
          • Amplitude
          • Boom
          • Buffet/Buffeting
          • Buzz
          • Chatter
          • Chirp
          • Chuckle
          • Click
          • Clonk
          • Clunk/Driveline Clunk
          • Conductor
          • Cycles Per Second (CPS)
          • Cracks
          • Creak
          • Cycle
          • Decibel (dB)
          • Drone
          • Drumming
          • Flutter
          • Frequency
          • G-force
          • Gravelly Feel
          • Grind
          • Hertz (Hz)
          • Hiss
          • Hoot
          • Howl
          • Hum
          • Intensity
          • Knock
          • Moan
          • Ping
          • Pitch
          • Pumping Feel
          • Rattle
          • Reactor
          • Roughness
          • Rustling
          • Shake
          • Shimmy
          • Shudder
          • Slap
          • Squeak
          • Squeal
          • Tap
          • Thump
          • Tick
          • Tip-In Moan
          • Transient
          • Vibration
          • Whine
          • Whistle
          • Wind Noise
      • Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH) - Diagnosis And Testing
        • Diagnostic Theory
        • Diagnostic Procedure Overview
        • Tools and Techniques
        • NVH Analyzer (Vetronix)
        • Electronic Vibration Analyzer (EVA)
        • Vibrate Software®
        • Reed Tachometer
        • Sirometer
        • Combination EngineEAR/ChassisEAR
        • EngineEAR Basic Unit
        • Mechanic's Stethoscope
        • Ultrasonic Leak Detector
        • Write-Up Job Aid
        • Customer Interview
        • Pre-Drive Check
        • Preparing for the Road Test
        • Verify the Customer Concern
        • Road Test
        • Slow Acceleration Test
        • Heavy Acceleration Test
        • Neutral Coast Down Speed Test
        • Downshift Speed Test
        • Steering input Test
        • Brake Test
        • Road Test Over Bumps
        • Neutral Engine Run-Up (NERU) Test
        • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Load Test
        • Engine Accessory Test
        • Vehicle Cold Soak Procedure
        • Classify NVH Symptom
        • Noise Symptoms
        • Vibration Symptoms
        • Order of Vibration
        • Relationship of vibration Frequency to Order of vibration
        • Frequency Calculations
          • Calculating Tire and Wheel Frequency
          • Tire Speed and Frequency Chart
          • Calculating Driveshaft Frequency
          • Calculating Engine Frequency
          • Calculating Engine Accessory Frequency
          • Calculating Engine Firing Frequency
          • Frequency and RPM Calculations Worksheet
          • Harshness Symptoms
          • NVH Symptom Chart Categories
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Vehicle-Speed Related Vibrations
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Tire-Speed Related Vibrations
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Driveshaft-Speed Related Vibrations
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine-Speed Related Vibrations
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Air Leaks Or Water Leaks
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Harshness
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Road Test
        • Tire Wear
        • Normal Tire Wear
        • Abnormal/Incorrect Tire Wear
        • Inner Edge/Shoulder Wear
        • Outer Edge/Shoulder Wear
        • Heel/Toe Wear
        • Diagonal Wear
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wheels And Tires
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Inner Edge/Shoulder Wear
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Outer Edge/Shoulder Wear
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Diagonal Wear
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests - Wheels And Tires
        • Wheel and Tire Runout
        • Radial Runout
        • Lateral Runout
        • Match Mounting
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
        • Principles of Operation
        • Ambient Temperature Change and Tire Pressure
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Indicator and Message Center Messages
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Indicator Illuminates Continuously
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) PID Definitions and Intermittent Troubleshooting
        • Inspection and verification
      • DTC Chart - Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
      • Pinpoint Test 1: TPMS Indicator On Solid And Message Center (If Equipped) Displays Low Tire Pressure
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: SJB Will Not Enter Sensor Training Mode
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: TPMS Indicator Flashes For 70 Seconds And Then Remains On Solid When The Ignition Key Is Turned To The On Position And DTC B2872 Or 287A Is Present
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: DTC B106B - Tire Pressure Sensor Low Battery
        • Normal Operation
        • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
    • Wheels And Tires & Tire Pressure Monitoring System
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Safety Precautions
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
          • Notes
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Module
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Pressure Sensor
          • Instrument Cluster and Message Center
      • Wheel And Tire Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Sensor Training
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Sensor Activation
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System Module Removal/Installation
      • Wheel And Tire Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Sensor Removal/Installation
        • Removal/Installation
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transaxle [Except Hybrid]
      • Transaxle Description
      • Identification Tags
      • Major Components
      • Gear Ratios
        • Notes
        • Gear Ratio Chart
      • Torque Converter
      • Shift Patterns
        • Upshifts
        • Downshifts
        • Coastdown
        • Torque Demand
        • Kickdown
      • Mechanical Components And Functions
        • Planetary Gearset
        • Input Shaft
        • Front Planetary Carrier Hub (Output Hub)
        • Final Drive Chain, Sprockets and Planetary Gearset
        • Differential
        • Direct (3, 5, R) Clutch
        • O/D (4, 5, 6) Clutch
        • Forward (1, 2, 3, 4) Clutch
        • Low/Reverse Clutch
        • Intermediate (2, 6) Clutch
        • Low One Way Clutch (OWC) Cutaway View
        • External Sealing
        • Lubrication
        • Park
      • Hydraulic System
        • Transaxle Fluid Filter
        • Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Main Control
      • Hydraulic Circuits
        • Hydraulic Circuit Identification and Function
        • Line Pressure Hydraulic Circuits
        • Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) And Lubrication Hydraulic Circuits
        • Solenoid Hydraulic Circuits
        • Forward (1, 2, 3, 4) Clutch Hydraulic Circuits
        • Direct (3, 5, R) Clutch Hydraulic Circuits
        • Intermediate (2, 6) Clutch Hydraulic Circuits
        • Low/Reverse Clutch Hydraulic Circuits
        • Overdrive (4, 5, 6) Clutch Hydraulic Circuits
      • Transaxle Electronic Control System
        • Electronic System Description
        • Electronic Ignition (El)
        • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP)
        • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
        • Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Assembly
        • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
        • Solenoid Body
        • Line Pressure Control (LPC) Solenoid
        • Torque Converter Solenoid (TCC) Solenoid
        • Shift Solenoid A (SSA), Shift Solenoid B (SSB), Shift Solenoid C (SSC), Shift Solenoid D (SSD)
        • Shift Solenoid E (SSE)
      • Transaxle Operation
        • Transaxle Operation Overview
          • Torque Converter
          • Planetary Gearsets
          • Apply Clutches
          • Hydraulic System
          • Electronic Operation
        • Park Position
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • Park Position Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • Park Position Solenoid Operation Chart
        • Reverse Position
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • Reverse Position Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • Reverse Position Solenoid Operation Chart
        • Neutral Position
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • Neutral Position Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • Reverse Position Solenoid Operation Chart
        • 1st Gear Above 6 km/h (4 mph)
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 1st Gear Above 6 km/h (4 mph) Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • 1st Gear Above 6 km/h (4 mph) Solenoid Operation Chart
        • 2nd Gear
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 2nd Gear Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • 2nd Gear Solenoid Operation Chart
        • 3rd Gear
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 3rd Gear Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • 3rd Gear Solenoid Operation Chart
        • 4th Gear
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 4th Gear Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • 4th Gear Solenoid Operation Chart
        • 5th Gear
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 5th Gear Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • 5th Gear Solenoid Operation Chart
        • 6th Gear TCC Applied
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 6th Gear Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • 6th Gear Solenoid Operation Chart
            • Manual LOW Position and 1st Gear Above 6 km/h (4 mph) Solenoid Operation Chart
          • Torque Converter Circuits
        • 5th Gear Fail-Safe
          • Notes
          • Mechanical Operation
          • Planetary Gearset Operation
          • 5th Gear Fail-Safe Clutch Application Chart
          • Hydraulic Operation
          • Torque Converter Circuits
          • Electrical Operation
            • 5th Gear Fail-Safe Solenoid Operation Chart
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler - BACKFLUSHING And Cleaning
      • Transmission Fluid Drain And Refill
      • Torque Converter Contamination Inspection
      • Transaxle Filler Tube Removal/Installation
      • Main Control Cover Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Manual Control Lever Shaft Seal Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Digital Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Solenoid Body LEADFRAME Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Solenoids Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Main Control Valve Body Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Solenoid Body Assembly
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • HALFSHAFT Seal - RH, All Wheel Drive (AWD) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • HALFSHAFT Seal - RH, Front Wheel Drive (Fwd) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • HALFSHAFT Seal - LH Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Transaxle Support Insulator - LH Removal/Installation
      • Transaxle Support Insulator - Lower, Front Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Transaxle Support Insulator - Lower, Rear, 2.5L Removal/Installation
      • Transaxle Support Insulator - Lower, Rear, 3.0L DOHC Removal/Installation
      • Transaxle Case Bushing Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Transaxle - 2.5L Removal
        • Removal
      • Transaxle - 3.0L Removal
        • Removal
      • Transaxle - Disassembly
      • Final Drive Carrier And Differential Assembly Disassembly/Assembly
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Pump And Filter Assembly Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Clutch Support Tower Disassembly/Assembly
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Main Control Valve Body Assembly Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Solenoid Body Assembly Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Planetary GEARSETS And Chain Drive Parts Disassembly/Assembly
      • Low One Way Clutch (OWC) Disassembly/Assembly
      • Overdrive/Direct Clutch Assembly Disassembly/Assembly
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Center Support Disassembly/Assembly
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Transaxle - Assembly
      • Transaxle - 2.5L Installation
        • Installation
      • Transaxle - 3.0L Installation
        • Installation
    • Automatic Transaxle [Shift Mechanism - Except Hybrid]
      • External Controls
        • Notes
        • Brake Shift Interlock Actuator (BSIA)
      • Selector Lever Cable Adjustment
      • Brake Shift Interlock Override
      • Selector Lever Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Selector Lever Cable Removal/Installation
    • Automatic Transaxle Cooling [Except Hybrid]
      • Transaxle Cooling
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Tubes Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Bypass Valve Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Service Tools [Automatic Transaxle]
      • Service Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Transaxle]
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Clutch Disc Check
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Check
      • Flywheel RUNOUT Check
      • Clutch System Bleeding
      • Gearshift Cable Adjustment
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Clutch Operation
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Operation
      • Symptom Chart - NVH
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Clutch Slippage
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Clutch Chatter Or Shudder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Drag
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Clutch Pedal Pulsation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Clutch Related Vibrations
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Hard Shifting
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Excessive Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Diagnostic Strategy
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Diagnostics
      • Diagnostic Flow Chart
      • Preliminary Inspection
        • Notes
        • Know and Understand the Concern
        • Verification of Condition
          • Notes
          • Determine Customer Concerns
          • Check Transaxle Fluid Level and Condition
          • Transmission Fluid Level Check
          • High Transaxle Fluid Level
          • Low Transaxle Fluid Level
          • Flat Tow Fluid Level
          • Adding Transaxle Fluid
          • Transaxle Fluid Condition Check
          • Water in Transmission Fluid
      • Solenoid Body Strategy
        • Solenoid Body Identification Procedure
        • Solenoid Body Strategy Data Download
        • Solenoid Body Strategy Drive Cycle
      • Road Testing Vehicle
      • Shift Point Road Test
      • Torque Converter Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Operation Test
      • Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Selector Lever Linkage Check
        • Check TSBs and Mazda Tips
        • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics
      • Diagnostics
        • On-Board Diagnostics With Scan Tool
      • Output State Control (OSC) Mode
        • Description
        • Procedure
        • Service Bay - Vehicle State No. 1
        • Service Bay - Vehicle State No. 2
        • Drive Test
        • Drive Test - Torque Converter Clutch Control
        • Drive Test - Upshift and Downshift Control
        • Drive Test - Pressure Added for Engagements and Upshifts
        • Using Output State Control and Monitoring PIDs
      • Diagnostic PID Chart
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
        • Notes
        • After On-Board Diagnostics
        • Before Pinpoint Tests
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test - Hybrid
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart
      • Transaxle Connector Layouts
      • Pinpoint Tests - OSC Equipped Vehicles
        • Shift Solenoid Pre-Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Solenoid Operation Chart
        • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart "Failed ON" or "Failed OFF"
          • Notes
          • Shift Solenoid A (SSA)
          • Shift Solenoid B (SSB)
          • Shift Solenoid C (SSC)
          • Shift Solenoid D (SSD)
          • Shift Solenoid E (SSE)
      • Special Testing Procedures
        • Notes
        • Engine Idle Speed Check
        • Line Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • Line Pressure Chart
        • Stall Speed Test
          • Notes
          • Stall Speed Diagnosis Chart
      • Leakage Inspection
        • Notes
        • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
        • Leak Check Test
        • Leak Check Test With Black Light
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Flow Test
      • Diagnosis By Symptom
        • Notes
        • Diagnosis by Symptom Index Directions
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis by Symptom Index
        • Diagnostic Routines
          • Engagement Concern: No Forward
          • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
          • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Transaxle Control Solenoids
        • Notes
        • Step 3 - Solenoid, Harness Connector and Ground
        • Step 4 - Solenoid, Harness Connector and Ground
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Body Leadframe and Harness Connector
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Resistance Values: SHIFT SOLENOID A (SSA), SHIFT SOLENOID B (SSB), SHIFT SOLENOID C (SSC), SHIFT SOLENOID D (SSD), TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH (TCC) and PRESSURE CONTROL SOLENOID A (PCA)
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Resistance Values: SHIFT SOLENOID E (SSE) (ON/OFF)
          • Notes
          • Step 6 - Solenoid Body Leadframe and Harness Connector
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Transaxle Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Temperature
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Step 3
        • Step 4
        • Step 5
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Selector Lever Position and Range (% Duty Cycle)
        • Transmission Range Sensor Circuit, Transaxle Vehicle Harness and PCM
        • Transmission Range Sensor Circuit, Transaxle Vehicle Harness and Ground
        • Transaxle Vehicle Harness, TR Sensor Circuit and Transaxle Vehicle Harness
        • Solenoid Body Leadframe Connector Pin Number, TR Sensor Pin Number and Circuit Function (Wire Color)
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Transaxle Solenoid Pressure Control Circuit
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Circuit, Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor and PCM
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Circuit, Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor and Ground
      • Engagement Concern: No Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: No Forward And No Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concerns: Delayed/Soft Forward And Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Some Or All Shifts Missing
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Timing - Early/Late
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Erratic/Hunting
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Soft/Supping
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Harsh
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 1ST Gear, Engages In Higher Gear
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No Manual Low - 1ST Gear
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 5-6 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slip 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 5-6 (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 5-6 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: No Apply
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concern: Always Applied/Stalls Vehicle
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: Cycling/Shudder/Chatter
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking In Manual Low Position
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Selector Lever Efforts High
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: External Leaks
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Poor Vehicle Performance
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Noise/Vibration - Forward Or Reverse
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Engine Will Not Crank
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: No Park Range
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Transaxle Overheating
      • Transaxle Cooling
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Cooling
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH
      • Check Transaxle Fluid Level And Condition
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Level Check
        • High Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Low Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Adding Transaxle Fluid
        • Transaxle Fluid Condition Check
      • Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Motor Electronics Cooling System (MECS) Pump Fault - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • External Controls
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - External Controls
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Transaxle Shift Control
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Selector Lever Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Transmission Control Switch (TCS) Does Not Operate Correctly
      • External Controls - Hybrid
        • Inspection/Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - External Controls - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - External Controls - Hybrid
      • Electrical Connectors - Hybrid
    • Technical Data [Transaxle]
      • Specifications
        • Automatic Transaxle
          • General Specifications
          • Solenoid Operation Chart
          • Clutch Application Chart
          • Line Pressure Charta
          • Stall Speed Chart
          • Gear Ratio Chart
          • Shift Speeds - 2.5L
          • Shift Speeds - 3.0L
        • Manual Transaxle
          • Material
          • General Specifications
  • Clutch
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Transaxle]
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Clutch Disc Check
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Check
      • Flywheel RUNOUT Check
      • Clutch System Bleeding
      • Gearshift Cable Adjustment
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Clutch Operation
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Operation
      • Symptom Chart - NVH
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Clutch Slippage
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Clutch Chatter Or Shudder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Drag
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Clutch Pedal Pulsation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Clutch Related Vibrations
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Hard Shifting
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Excessive Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Diagnostic Strategy
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Diagnostics
      • Diagnostic Flow Chart
      • Preliminary Inspection
        • Notes
        • Know and Understand the Concern
        • Verification of Condition
          • Notes
          • Determine Customer Concerns
          • Check Transaxle Fluid Level and Condition
          • Transmission Fluid Level Check
          • High Transaxle Fluid Level
          • Low Transaxle Fluid Level
          • Flat Tow Fluid Level
          • Adding Transaxle Fluid
          • Transaxle Fluid Condition Check
          • Water in Transmission Fluid
      • Solenoid Body Strategy
        • Solenoid Body Identification Procedure
        • Solenoid Body Strategy Data Download
        • Solenoid Body Strategy Drive Cycle
      • Road Testing Vehicle
      • Shift Point Road Test
      • Torque Converter Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Operation Test
      • Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Selector Lever Linkage Check
        • Check TSBs and Mazda Tips
        • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics
      • Diagnostics
        • On-Board Diagnostics With Scan Tool
      • Output State Control (OSC) Mode
        • Description
        • Procedure
        • Service Bay - Vehicle State No. 1
        • Service Bay - Vehicle State No. 2
        • Drive Test
        • Drive Test - Torque Converter Clutch Control
        • Drive Test - Upshift and Downshift Control
        • Drive Test - Pressure Added for Engagements and Upshifts
        • Using Output State Control and Monitoring PIDs
      • Diagnostic PID Chart
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
        • Notes
        • After On-Board Diagnostics
        • Before Pinpoint Tests
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test - Hybrid
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart
      • Transaxle Connector Layouts
      • Pinpoint Tests - OSC Equipped Vehicles
        • Shift Solenoid Pre-Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Solenoid Operation Chart
        • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart "Failed ON" or "Failed OFF"
          • Notes
          • Shift Solenoid A (SSA)
          • Shift Solenoid B (SSB)
          • Shift Solenoid C (SSC)
          • Shift Solenoid D (SSD)
          • Shift Solenoid E (SSE)
      • Special Testing Procedures
        • Notes
        • Engine Idle Speed Check
        • Line Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • Line Pressure Chart
        • Stall Speed Test
          • Notes
          • Stall Speed Diagnosis Chart
      • Leakage Inspection
        • Notes
        • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
        • Leak Check Test
        • Leak Check Test With Black Light
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Flow Test
      • Diagnosis By Symptom
        • Notes
        • Diagnosis by Symptom Index Directions
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis by Symptom Index
        • Diagnostic Routines
          • Engagement Concern: No Forward
          • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
          • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Transaxle Control Solenoids
        • Notes
        • Step 3 - Solenoid, Harness Connector and Ground
        • Step 4 - Solenoid, Harness Connector and Ground
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Body Leadframe and Harness Connector
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Resistance Values: SHIFT SOLENOID A (SSA), SHIFT SOLENOID B (SSB), SHIFT SOLENOID C (SSC), SHIFT SOLENOID D (SSD), TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH (TCC) and PRESSURE CONTROL SOLENOID A (PCA)
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Resistance Values: SHIFT SOLENOID E (SSE) (ON/OFF)
          • Notes
          • Step 6 - Solenoid Body Leadframe and Harness Connector
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Transaxle Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Temperature
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Step 3
        • Step 4
        • Step 5
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Selector Lever Position and Range (% Duty Cycle)
        • Transmission Range Sensor Circuit, Transaxle Vehicle Harness and PCM
        • Transmission Range Sensor Circuit, Transaxle Vehicle Harness and Ground
        • Transaxle Vehicle Harness, TR Sensor Circuit and Transaxle Vehicle Harness
        • Solenoid Body Leadframe Connector Pin Number, TR Sensor Pin Number and Circuit Function (Wire Color)
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Transaxle Solenoid Pressure Control Circuit
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Circuit, Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor and PCM
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Circuit, Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor and Ground
      • Engagement Concern: No Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: No Forward And No Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concerns: Delayed/Soft Forward And Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Some Or All Shifts Missing
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Timing - Early/Late
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Erratic/Hunting
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Soft/Supping
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Harsh
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 1ST Gear, Engages In Higher Gear
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No Manual Low - 1ST Gear
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 5-6 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slip 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 5-6 (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 5-6 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: No Apply
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concern: Always Applied/Stalls Vehicle
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: Cycling/Shudder/Chatter
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking In Manual Low Position
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Selector Lever Efforts High
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: External Leaks
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Poor Vehicle Performance
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Noise/Vibration - Forward Or Reverse
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Engine Will Not Crank
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: No Park Range
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Transaxle Overheating
      • Transaxle Cooling
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Cooling
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH
      • Check Transaxle Fluid Level And Condition
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Level Check
        • High Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Low Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Adding Transaxle Fluid
        • Transaxle Fluid Condition Check
      • Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Motor Electronics Cooling System (MECS) Pump Fault - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • External Controls
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - External Controls
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Transaxle Shift Control
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Selector Lever Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Transmission Control Switch (TCS) Does Not Operate Correctly
      • External Controls - Hybrid
        • Inspection/Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - External Controls - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - External Controls - Hybrid
      • Electrical Connectors - Hybrid
    • Technical Data [Transaxle]
      • Specifications
        • Automatic Transaxle
          • General Specifications
          • Solenoid Operation Chart
          • Clutch Application Chart
          • Line Pressure Charta
          • Stall Speed Chart
          • Gear Ratio Chart
          • Shift Speeds - 2.5L
          • Shift Speeds - 3.0L
        • Manual Transaxle
          • Material
          • General Specifications
  • Manual Trans
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Transaxle]
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Clutch Disc Check
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Check
      • Flywheel RUNOUT Check
      • Clutch System Bleeding
      • Gearshift Cable Adjustment
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Clutch Operation
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Operation
      • Symptom Chart - NVH
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Clutch Slippage
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Clutch Chatter Or Shudder
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Drag
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Clutch Pedal Pulsation
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Clutch Related Vibrations
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Hard Shifting
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Pinpoint Test 7: Excessive Noise
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Diagnostic Strategy
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Diagnostics
      • Diagnostic Flow Chart
      • Preliminary Inspection
        • Notes
        • Know and Understand the Concern
        • Verification of Condition
          • Notes
          • Determine Customer Concerns
          • Check Transaxle Fluid Level and Condition
          • Transmission Fluid Level Check
          • High Transaxle Fluid Level
          • Low Transaxle Fluid Level
          • Flat Tow Fluid Level
          • Adding Transaxle Fluid
          • Transaxle Fluid Condition Check
          • Water in Transmission Fluid
      • Solenoid Body Strategy
        • Solenoid Body Identification Procedure
        • Solenoid Body Strategy Data Download
        • Solenoid Body Strategy Drive Cycle
      • Road Testing Vehicle
      • Shift Point Road Test
      • Torque Converter Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Operation Test
      • Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Selector Lever Linkage Check
        • Check TSBs and Mazda Tips
        • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics
      • Diagnostics
        • On-Board Diagnostics With Scan Tool
      • Output State Control (OSC) Mode
        • Description
        • Procedure
        • Service Bay - Vehicle State No. 1
        • Service Bay - Vehicle State No. 2
        • Drive Test
        • Drive Test - Torque Converter Clutch Control
        • Drive Test - Upshift and Downshift Control
        • Drive Test - Pressure Added for Engagements and Upshifts
        • Using Output State Control and Monitoring PIDs
      • Diagnostic PID Chart
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
        • Notes
        • After On-Board Diagnostics
        • Before Pinpoint Tests
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test - Hybrid
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Chart
      • Transaxle Connector Layouts
      • Pinpoint Tests - OSC Equipped Vehicles
        • Shift Solenoid Pre-Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Solenoid Operation Chart
        • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart "Failed ON" or "Failed OFF"
          • Notes
          • Shift Solenoid A (SSA)
          • Shift Solenoid B (SSB)
          • Shift Solenoid C (SSC)
          • Shift Solenoid D (SSD)
          • Shift Solenoid E (SSE)
      • Special Testing Procedures
        • Notes
        • Engine Idle Speed Check
        • Line Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • Line Pressure Chart
        • Stall Speed Test
          • Notes
          • Stall Speed Diagnosis Chart
      • Leakage Inspection
        • Notes
        • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
        • Leak Check Test
        • Leak Check Test With Black Light
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Flow Test
      • Diagnosis By Symptom
        • Notes
        • Diagnosis by Symptom Index Directions
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis by Symptom Index
        • Diagnostic Routines
          • Engagement Concern: No Forward
          • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
          • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
          • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Transaxle Control Solenoids
        • Notes
        • Step 3 - Solenoid, Harness Connector and Ground
        • Step 4 - Solenoid, Harness Connector and Ground
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Body Leadframe and Harness Connector
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Resistance Values: SHIFT SOLENOID A (SSA), SHIFT SOLENOID B (SSB), SHIFT SOLENOID C (SSC), SHIFT SOLENOID D (SSD), TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH (TCC) and PRESSURE CONTROL SOLENOID A (PCA)
        • Step 5 - Solenoid Resistance Values: SHIFT SOLENOID E (SSE) (ON/OFF)
          • Notes
          • Step 6 - Solenoid Body Leadframe and Harness Connector
      • Pinpoint Test 2: Transaxle Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Temperature
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Step 3
        • Step 4
        • Step 5
      • Pinpoint Test 4: Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Selector Lever Position and Range (% Duty Cycle)
        • Transmission Range Sensor Circuit, Transaxle Vehicle Harness and PCM
        • Transmission Range Sensor Circuit, Transaxle Vehicle Harness and Ground
        • Transaxle Vehicle Harness, TR Sensor Circuit and Transaxle Vehicle Harness
        • Solenoid Body Leadframe Connector Pin Number, TR Sensor Pin Number and Circuit Function (Wire Color)
      • Pinpoint Test 5: Transaxle Solenoid Pressure Control Circuit
      • Pinpoint Test 6: Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
        • Notes
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Circuit, Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor and PCM
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor Circuit, Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor and Ground
      • Engagement Concern: No Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concern: No Forward And No Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Engagement Concerns: Delayed/Soft Forward And Reverse
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Some Or All Shifts Missing
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Timing - Early/Late
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Erratic/Hunting
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Soft/Supping
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Feel - Harsh
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 1ST Gear, Engages In Higher Gear
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No Manual Low - 1ST Gear
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 5-6 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: No 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slip 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 5-6 (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Soft/Supping 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 5-6 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 6-5 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 5-4 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: No Apply
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concern: Always Applied/Stalls Vehicle
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: Cycling/Shudder/Chatter
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking In Manual Low Position
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Selector Lever Efforts High
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: External Leaks
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Poor Vehicle Performance
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Noise/Vibration - Forward Or Reverse
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Engine Will Not Crank
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: No Park Range
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Other Concerns: Transaxle Overheating
      • Transaxle Cooling
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Cooling
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH
      • Check Transaxle Fluid Level And Condition
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Level Check
        • High Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Low Transaxle Fluid Level
        • Adding Transaxle Fluid
        • Transaxle Fluid Condition Check
      • Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
        • Inspection/Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - Transaxle Cooling - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 1: Motor Electronics Cooling System (MECS) Pump Fault - Hybrid
        • Normal Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • External Controls
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - External Controls
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - Hybrid
      • Connector End Views - Transaxle Shift Control
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
      • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly - Hybrid
      • Pinpoint Test 2: The Selector Lever Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
      • Pinpoint Test 3: Transmission Control Switch (TCS) Does Not Operate Correctly
      • External Controls - Hybrid
        • Inspection/Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • DTC Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - External Controls - Hybrid
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - NVH - External Controls - Hybrid
      • Electrical Connectors - Hybrid
    • Technical Data [Transaxle]
      • Specifications
        • Automatic Transaxle
          • General Specifications
          • Solenoid Operation Chart
          • Clutch Application Chart
          • Line Pressure Charta
          • Stall Speed Chart
          • Gear Ratio Chart
          • Shift Speeds - 2.5L
          • Shift Speeds - 3.0L
        • Manual Transaxle
          • Material
          • General Specifications
  • Transfer Case
    • Transfer Case
      • Power Transfer Unit (PTU) Draining And Filling - Automatic Transaxle
      • Power Transfer Unit (PTU) - Removal
        • Notes
        • Removal
      • Power Transfer Unit (PTU) Seal Removal
      • Power Transfer Unit (PTU) - Installation
        • Notes
        • Installation
      • Power Transfer Unit (PTU) Seal Installation
      • 4X4 Control Module Removal/Installation
      • Output Shaft Seal Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Installation
      • Output Flange Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Transfer Case Vent Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Transfer Case [Shaft Mechanism - Except Hybrid]
      • Four Wheel Drive System
• External Pages