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Front Wheel Alignment: Adjustment

NOTE: For vehicles equipped with VSC, if wheel alignment has been adjusted, and if suspension or underbody components have been removed/installed or replaced, be sure to perform the following initialization procedure in order for the system to function normally:
  1. Disconnect the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
  2. Reconnect the negative battery terminal.
  3. Perform zero point calibration of the yaw rate and acceleration sensor and test mode inspection.

HINT:

(See CALIBRATION )

  1. INSPECT TIRES 
    1. Inspect the tires (See INSPECTION ).
  2. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT 
    NOTE:
    • Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.
    • Be sure to perform measurement on a level surface.
    • If it is necessary to go under the vehicle for measurement, confirm that the parking brake is applied and the vehicle is secured with chocks.
    1. Press down on the vehicle several times to stabilize the suspension.
    2. Measure the vehicle height.

      Measuring points: 

      A: 

      Ground clearance of No. 1 lower suspension arm bushing set bolt center 

      B: 

      Ground clearance of rear axle carrier bushing set bolt center 

      C: 

      Ground clearance of front wheel center 

      Fig 1: Identifying Vehicle Height
      G05389184Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      D: 

      Ground clearance of rear wheel center 

      Vehicle Height 

      VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATIONS

      Front C - A Rear D - B
      104 mm (4.09 in.) 19 mm (0.74 in.)
  3. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE 
    1. Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the turning radius gauge.
    2. Turn the steering wheel to the left and right full lock positions, and measure the turning angle.

      Wheel turning angle 

      WHEEL TURNING ANGLE SPECIFICATIONS

      Inside Wheel Outside Wheel Reference
      39°15'+/-2° (39.25° +/- 2°) 33°00' (33.00°)
      Fig 2: Measuring Turning Angle
      G04977671Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      If the angles are not as specified, check and adjust the right and left rack end lengths.

  4. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION 
    1. Install the camber-caster-kingpin gauge or place the front wheels on the center of the wheel alignment tester.
    2. Inspect the camber, caster and steering axis inclination.
      Fig 3: Placing Front Wheels On Center Of Wheel Alignment Tester
      G05389186Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Camber, caster and steering axis inclination 

      CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION

      Camber Caster Steering Axis Inclination (Reference)
      -0°10'+/-45' (-0.16°+/-0.75°) 5°45'+/-45' (5.75° +/- 0.75°) 12°10' (12.17°)
      NOTE:
      • Perform the inspection while vehicle is empty (without a spare tire or tools on board).
      • The tolerance for the difference between the left and right wheels is 0°45' (0.75°) or less for both the camber and caster.
  5. ADJUST CAMBER 
    NOTE: Inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.
    1. Remove the front wheel.
    2. Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the front shock absorber.
      NOTE: Keep the bolts inserted.
    3. Clean the installation surfaces of the front shock absorber and the steering knuckle.
    4. Temporarily install the 2 nuts (Step  a).
      Fig 4: Locating Nuts On Lower Side Of Front Shock Absorber
      G05389157Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    5. Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment (Step  b).
    6. Tighten the nuts.

      Torque: 240 N.m (2447 kgf.cm, 177 ft.lbf) 

      NOTE: Keep the bolts from rotating when tightening the nuts.
    7. Install the front wheel.

      Torque: 103 N.m (1050 kgf.cm, 76 ft.lbf) 

      Fig 5: Pulling Front Axle Hub
      G05389188Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    8. Check the camber.

      If the measured value is not within the specification, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

      Camber adjustment amount = center of the specified range center - measured value

      Check the combination of installed bolts. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to the specified values.

      HINT:

      Fig 6: Identifying Nut And Bolt
      G04977675Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Try to adjust the camber to the center of the specified values.

      AXLE POSITION

      Move the axle toward (+) in step (B) Move the axle toward (-) in step (B)
      Refer to PROBLEM SYMPTOMS - SUSPENSION SYSTEM  (Move the axle toward the positive side) Refer to VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATIONS  (Move the axle toward the negative side)
      Fig 7: Bolt Torque Specifications Chart 1
      G05389190Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
      Fig 8: Bolt Torque Specifications Chart 2
      G05389191Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the table above.

      NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.
    9. Repeat the steps mentioned above. In step (A), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.

      HINT:

      Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

  6. INSPECT TOE-IN 
    1. Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.
    2. Release the parking brake and move the shift lever to the neutral position.
    3. Push the vehicle straight ahead approximately 5 m (16.4 ft). (*1)
    4. Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the front wheels and measure the distance between the marks (dimension B).
    5. Slowly push the vehicle straight ahead to cause the front wheels to rotate 180° using the front tire valve as a reference point.

      HINT:

      Do not allow the wheels to rotate more than 180°. If the wheels rotate more than 180°, perform the procedure from (*1) again.

      Fig 9: Measuring Distance Between Marks (Dimension B)
      G05389192Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    6. Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels (dimension A).
      Fig 10: Measuring Distance Between Tread Center Marks On Front Side Of Wheels (Dimension A)
      G05389193Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Toe-in 

      TOE-IN SPECIFIED CONDITION

      Item Specified Condition
      Toe-in (total) B - A: 2.0 +/- 2 mm (0.08 +/- 0.08 in.)

      HINT:

      If toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.

  7. ADJUST TOE-IN 
    1. Make sure that the length of the right and left rack ends are approximately the same.

      Standard difference: 

      1.5 mm (0.06 in.) or less 

    2. Remove the boot clips.
      Fig 11: Measuring Standard Difference
      G05389194Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    3. Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
    4. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust the toe-in to the center value.
    5. Tighten the tie rod end lock nuts.

      Torque: 74 N.m (755 kgf.cm, 55 ft.lbf) 

    6. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.

      HINT:

      Make sure that the boots are not twisted.

    Fig 12: Loosening Tie Rod End Lock Nuts
    G05389195Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  8. FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD 
  9. DISCONNECT CABLE FROM NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL (w/ VSC) 
    NOTE: Disconnect the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
  10. CONNECT CABLE TO NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL (w/ VSC) 

    Torque: 5.4 N.m (55 kgf.cm, 47 in.*lbf) 

  11. PERFORM YAW RATE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION (w/ VSC) 

    HINT:

    (See CALIBRATION )

  12. CHECK STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION (w/ VSC) 

    HINT:

    (See DTC C1290/66 STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT MALFUNCTION )

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