Hydraulic System

The fluid pump is directly driven by the engine through a belt.
When the steering wheel is not being turned, the pressure-sensitive valve in the pump opens to drain the fluid into the fluid reservoir tank.
The fluid pressure is maintained almost constant regardless of change in the engine speed by the function of the flow control valve. The pressure-regulated fluid is delivered to the control valve via hose A.
When the steering wheel is turned, the rotary control valve connected to the pinion shaft opens the hydraulic circuit corresponding to the direction in which the steering wheel is turned. The fluid then flows into chamber A or B via pipe A or B.
The fluid pressure in chamber A or B acts on the rack piston in the same direction as that in which the rack shaft is moved by rotation of the steering wheel. This helps reduce the effort required of the driver to operate the steering wheel.
Movement of the rack piston causes the fluid in the other chamber to return to the reservoir tank via pipe A or B, control valve, and hose B.
- As the steering shaft is connected to the pinion shaft mechanically via the rotary control valve, the steering system can be operated as a manual system even if the hydraulic system becomes inoperative.
- To control the maximum fluid pressure, a relief valve is built into the fluid pump to prevent buildup of an excessive fluid pressure.

Fig 1: Identifying Fluid Flow Circuit - Power Steering System (2.5 L Model)

Courtesy of SUBARU OF AMERICA, INC.

Fig 2: Identifying Fluid Flow Circuit - Power Steering System (3.0 L Model)

Courtesy of SUBARU OF AMERICA, INC.