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Engine Cooling System: Inspection

  1. THERMOSTAT 
    NOTE: The thermostat is numbered with the valve opening temperature.
    Fig 1: Identifying Thermostat Valve Opening Temperature
    G02865504Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
    1. Immerse the thermostat in water an gradually heat the water.
    2. Check the valve opening temperature.
      Fig 2: Checking Valve Opening Temperature
      G02865505Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Valve opening temperature: 

      80 - 84°C (176 - 183°F) 

      NOTE: If the valve opening temperature is not as specified, replace the thermostat.
    3. Check the valve lift.
      Fig 3: Checking Thermostat Valve Lift
      G02865506Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Valve lift: 10 mm (0.39 in.) or more at 95°C (203°F) 

      NOTE: If the valve lift is not as specified, replace the thermostat.
    4. Check that the valve is fully closed when the thermostat is at low temperatures (below 77°C (171°F)).
      NOTE: If not closed, replace the thermostat.
  2. RADIATOR CAP SUB-ASSY 
    NOTE:
    • If the reservoir cap has contaminations, always rinse it with water.
    • Before using a radiator cap tester, wet the relief valve and pressure valve with engine coolant or water.
    • when performing step (a) and (b) below, keep the tester at an angle of over 30° above the horizontal.
    1. Using a radiator cap tester, slowly pump the tester and check that air is coming from the vacuum valve.
      Fig 4: Testing Radiator Cap
      G02865507Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

      Pump speed: 1 push / (3 seconds or more) 

      NOTE: Push the pump at a constant speed.
      NOTE:
      • Pump speed: 1 push / (3 seconds or more)
      • If air is not coming from the vacuum valve, replace the reservoir cap.
    2. Pump the tester and measure the relief valve opening pressure.

      Standard opening pressure: 

      74 - 103 kPa (0.75 - 1.05 kgf/cm 2  , 10.7 - 14.9 psi) 

      Minimum opening pressure: 

      59 kPa (0.6 kgf/cm 2  , 8.5 psi) 

      NOTE: This pump speed is for the first pump only (in order to close the vacuum valve). After this, the pump speed can be reduced.
      NOTE:
      • Pump speed: 1 push within 1 second
      • Use the tester's maximum reading as the opening pressure.
      • If the opening pressure is less than minimum, replace the reservoir cap.
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